The London pleasure gardens of the eighteenth centuryWroth, Warwick William
History
The London pleasure gardens of the eighteenth century
Wroth, Warwick William
London (England) -- History -- 18th century; Parks -- England -- London -- History
In the centre of the building was a remarkable square erection
supporting the roof, and made up of pillars and arches elaborately
decorated. This “grand and elegant structure” was nothing more or less
than a fireplace containing a chimney and an open fire. On cold days in
February and March the best place was “one of the hot blazing red-cloth
benches” by the fire. This fireplace structure had originally contained
the orchestra, but after a few years the orchestra was, for acoustic
reasons, moved to the side of the Rotunda. Behind the orchestra was an
organ by Byfield, set up in 1746.[219]
[Illustration:
_The Inside View of the Rotunda in Renelagh Gardens with the
Company at Breakfast._
_Vue de la Compagnie à Dejeuner dans la Rotonde au
Mellieux des Jardines de Renelagh._
THE ROTUNDA AT RENELAGH, _circ._ 1751.]
Johnson declared that “the _coup d’œil_” of Ranelagh was “the
finest thing he had ever seen.”[220] When Johnson first entered
Ranelagh and its brilliant circle, it gave, as he told Boswell,[221]
“an expansion and gay sensation” to his mind, such as he had never
experienced anywhere else. Miss Lydia Melford, in _Humphry
Clinker_, wrote about Ranelagh to her ‘dear Willis’ with an
enthusiasm less restrained, and without Dr. Johnson’s moralising
comment:--“Alas, Sir, these are only _struggles_ for happiness.”
“Ranelagh (she writes) looks like the enchanted palace of a genio,
adorned with the most exquisite performances of painting, carving, and
gilding, enlightened with a thousand golden lamps that emulate the
noonday sun; crowded with the great, the rich, the gay, the happy and
the fair; glittering with cloth of gold and silver, lace, embroidery,
and precious stones. While these exulting sons and daughters of
felicity tread this round of pleasure, or regale in different parties,
and separate lodges, with fine imperial tea and other delicious
refreshments, their ears are entertained with the most ravishing
delights of music, both instrumental and vocal.”
§ 3. _The entertainments and the company._
The usual charge for admission was half a crown,[222] which always
included the ‘regale’ of tea, coffee and bread and butter. Foote called
Ranelagh the Bread and Butter Manufactory, and, except on ball nights,
no other refreshments seem to have been procurable.
The place was usually open on three days in the week, Mondays,
Wednesdays and Fridays.[223] The regular season for the evening
concerts and garden-promenade began at Easter, but the Rotunda was
often open in February, or earlier, for the dances. In the early days
of Ranelagh the public breakfastings and the morning concerts at twelve
were a constant feature. About 1754 the proprietors of Ranelagh were
refused a license for music, and the breakfasting took place that year
without concerts: these breakfasts and morning concerts do not appear
to have been subsequently renewed.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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