These latter, in searching for someone whom they might seduce, must have afterward wandered into the presence of St. Anthony. Perhaps, too, it was they who, as succubi, emotionalized the dreams of monks. Yet, in view of Ishtar, they could not have been very numerous in Babylon where, however, they had a queen, Lilit, the Lilith of the _Talmud_, Adam's vampire wife, who conceived with him shapes of sin. In these also the Babylonians believed, and naively they represented them in forms so revolting that the sight of their own image alarmed them away. From these shapes or, more exactly, from sin itself, it was very properly held that all diseases came. Medicine consequently was a branch of religion. The physician was a priest. He asked the patient: Have you shed your neighbour's blood? Have you approached your neighbour's wife? Have you stolen your neighbour's garment? Or is it that you have failed to clothe the naked? According to the responses he prescribed.[27] [Footnote 27: IV. R. 50-53. _Cf._ Delitzch: _op. cit._] But the priest who was a physician was also a wizard. He peeped and muttered, or, more subtly, provided enchanted philters in which simples had been dissolved. These devices failing, there was a series of incantations, the _Ritual of the Whispered Charm_, in which the most potent conjuration was the incommunicable name. To that all things yielded, even the gods.[28] But like the Shem of the Jews, it was probably never wholly uttered, because, save to the magi, not wholly known. In the formulae of the necromancers it is omitted, though in practice it may have been pronounced. [Footnote 28: Lenormant: La Magie chez les Chaldeens.] Even that is doubtful. A knowledge of it conferred powers similar to those that have been attributed to the Christ, and which the Sadducees ascribed to his knowledge of the tetragrammation. A knowledge of the Babylonian Shem was as potent. It served not only men but gods. Ishtar, for purposes of her own, wanted to get into Aralu. In the recovered epic of her descent, imperiously she demanded entrance: Porter, open thy door. Open thy door that I may enter. If thou dost not open thy door, I will attack it, I will break down the bars, I will cause the dead to rise and devour the living.[29] [Footnote 29: Records of the Past.] Ishtar was admitted. But Aralu was the land whence none return. Once in, she could not get out until, ultimately, the incommunicable name was uttered. The epic says that, in the interim, there was on earth neither love nor loving. In possible connection with which incantations have been found, deprecating "the consecrated harlots with rebellious hearts that have abandoned the holy places."[30] [Footnote 30: Lenormant: _op. cit._]