The Loyalists of Massachusetts and the Other Side of the American RevolutionStark, James Henry
History
The Loyalists of Massachusetts and the Other Side of the American Revolution
Stark, James Henry
American loyalists -- Massachusetts; Massachusetts -- Politics and government -- 1775-1783
In spite of the recommendation of Congress which had been made in
accordance with the terms of the treaty, confiscation still went on
actively. Governors of the states were urged to exchange lists of
proscribed persons, that no Loyalists might find a resting-place in the
United States, and in every state they were disfranchised, while in many
localities they were tarred and feathered, driven from town and warned
never to return again. Some were murdered and maltreated in the most
horrible manner. Thousands of inconspicuous Loyalists did, nevertheless,
succeed in remaining in the larger cities, where their identity was
lost, and they were not the objects of jealous social and political
exclusion as in the small town. In some localities where they were in
the majority, the hostile minority was not able to wreak its vengeance.
With the treaty of peace there came a rush for British American
territory. The numbers were increased in Canada to some 25,000 during
the next few years, and those in Nova Scotia and other British territory
swelled the number to 60,000.
Most of these exiles became, in one way or another, a temporary expense
to the British government, and the burden was borne honorably and
ungrudgingly. The care began during the war. The Loyalists who aided
Burgoyne were provided with homes in Canada, and before the close of
1779 nearly a thousand refugees were cared for in houses and barracks
and given fuel, household furniture, and even pensioned with money.
After the peace, thousands of exiles at once turned to the British
government for temporary support. The vast majority had lost but little,
and asked only for land and supplies to start life with. The minority
who had lost lands, offices and incomes, demanded indemnity. As for the
members of the humbler class, the government ordered that there should
be given 500 acres of land to heads of families, 300 acres to single
men, and each township in the new settlements was to have 2000 acres for
church purposes and 1000 for schools. Building material and tools, an
axe, spade, hoe and plow, were furnished each head of a family. Even
clothing and food were issued to the needy, and as late as 1785 there
were 26,000 entitled to rations. Communities were equipped with
grindstones and the machinery for grist and saw mills. In this way
$5,000,000 were spent to get Nova Scotia well started, and in Upper
Canada, besides the three million acres given to the Loyalist, some
$4,000,000 were expended for this benefit before 1787.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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