Kuki (Indic people); Lushai (Asian people); Lushai language
Above the hamlet was an oval, level space with a low wall round it. At
the eastern end was a small house in which were two stones. This was
the abode of Pakhangba, and to one side was Nungchongba's dwelling
place, which consisted of three small stones, with a fourth one
placed on the top. In front of these a bull is sacrificed once in
three years, and dancing and singing take place every year after the
harvest. The Chiru believe in "Rampus," which in some respects appear
to be the same as the Lushai "Huai," but in others they appear to
be local gods. The four chief Rampus live one on Kobru, a high hill
overlooking the northern extremity of the Manipur valley and called
by the Manipuris the guardian of the north, one in Kangjupkhul,
the village site of my informants, one on Makong hill and one in the
valley of Manipur. Twice a year the Rampu of Kobra is honoured with
the sacrifice of a dog, while pigs, fowls, or goats are offered to
the others. In July a dog is killed in honour of the first three and
a pig in honour of the last-named. In case of very serious illness,
when the Daibawl sacrifices have proved unavailing, special sacrifices
are made to the three chief Rampus above mentioned. These four Rampus
are evidently nearer to local godlings than the multitudinous and
ill-defined Huais of the Lushais. In July Pathian also is honoured, a
pig being killed on behalf of the whole village, while each household
sacrifices a fowl. The day is held sacred, no work being done. It
is known as Chapui-chol-lai--i.e., holiday in the great heat. The
four Rampus can only have come into prominence since the settlement
of the hamlet at Kangjupkhul, and it is probable that different
ones are worshipped by other hamlets. The Chiru also perform Sakhua
sacrifices as the Lushais do. The Tikhup denied all knowledge of any
devils or semi-divine beings, saying that they worshipped Pathian
and him only. Every year in Phalgun they sacrifice a pig and a cock
to Pathian, and much zu is drunk. In cases of sickness sacrifices of
pigs or fowls and offerings of flowers, eggs, and rice are made to
Pathian. Dogs are never sacrificed. I think this is the only clan in
which they are not. I failed to find out the cause of this.
In the other clans the sacrifices are combined with festivals either
in connection with the crops, the dead, or Thangchhuah, and are not
simply in honour of the god.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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