Kuki (Indic people); Lushai (Asian people); Lushai language
"The revenue exacted by these chieftains is paid in kind and
labour. In the former each able-bodied man pays annually a basket of
rice containing about two maunds; out of each brood of pigs or fowls
reared in the village, one of the young becomes the property of the
Rajah, and he is further entitled to one quarter of every animal killed
in the chase, and, in addition, to one of the tusks of each elephant
so slain. In labour his entire population are bound to devote four
days in each year, in a body, for the purpose of cultivating his
private fields. On the first day they cut down the jungle, on the
second day, the fuel being dry, they fire it and prepare the ground,
on the third they sow and harrow, and on the fourth cut and bring
in the harvest. Besides the labour of these four days in which the
entire effective population, men, women, and children, work for him,
small parties are told off during the whole season to assist his own
domestic slaves in tending the crop, repairing his house (which edifice
is always built afresh by the subjects when a new site is repaired
to), and in supplying wood and water for the family. On the occasion
of the days of general labour, a great feast is given by the Rajah to
all his people; so also, on the occasion of an elephant being killed,
to the successful hunters, but this is the only remuneration ever
received by them, and calls can be made on them for further supplies
and labour, whenever it may be required.
"The Rajah is the sole and supreme authority in the village or
villages under him, no one else being competent to give orders or
inflict punishment except through him.
"To assist him in carrying on the affairs of government the Rajah
has a minister, and more frequently several, called 'thushois'
or 'muntries,' who have the privilege of being exempt from labour
and taxation at his hands. This office is not, strictly speaking,
hereditary--although in most cases, except when thoroughly incompetent,
the son succeeds the father--but is given to those qualified for it,
as being men of property and influence as well as of ability, and
good spokesmen. The Rajah himself is, on the contrary, invariably
succeeded by his eldest son, for whom, should he be a minor, the
kingdom is managed by a council of muntries. In default of sons, the
Rajah's brother succeeds, and failing him the nearest male relative
takes the guddee, the Salique law being in full force.
"Should the Rajah die without any heir to the throne, the chief muntry,
if he be an influential man, takes his place, or some neighbouring
Rajah of the same clan is called upon to take the government or usurps
it. Each of the clans have one great Rajah, supposed to be the main
branch of the original stock, to whom, although those immediately
beyond his own villages owe him no allegiance, great respect is shown
by all, and acknowledgment of the superior title given, although in
power and wealth he may be much poorer than others of the tribe.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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