Kuki (Indic people); Lushai (Asian people); Lushai language
(iii.) Tuklut (Enter by Promising) Boi.--These are persons who
during war have deserted the losing side and joined the victors by
promising that they and their descendants will be boi. A tuklut boi
can purchase his freedom for a mithan, and if there are three or
four persons in one household one mithan will release them all. As
a rule the daughters of tuklut boi are not considered boi. A tuklut
boi does not live in the chief's house, and is in most respects in
the same position as an inhrang boi.
Chemshen boi have not been recognised by our officers, and whenever
one has claimed protection he has been released. The tuklut boi have
also not been formally recognised, but their duties weigh so lightly
on them that they seldom claim their release, and in their case, as in
that of the "sal," the class, receiving no fresh recruits, will soon
cease to exist. As regards the inpuichhung boi, the custom seems well
suited to the people and provides for the maintenance of the poor, old,
and destitute, and it would be extremely unwise to attempt to alter it.
When we first visited Kairuma in 1891, we found some 80 houses of
Thado, Biate, and other clans living in his village (in a species of
serfdom) very much on the footing of the tuklut boi, only that Kairuma
received a mithan out of the marriage price of each of the daughters
as well as the other dues. These people were remnants of conquered
clans and were not allowed to leave the village. I was assured that,
if any of them tried to run away, a party of young men would be at
once sent off to kill or bring back the fugitives. When Kairuma's
village was burnt, owing to its continued contumacious behaviour,
all these people made their escape to the villages of their own clans.
Sal.--Persons captured in raids are called "sal"; their position is
quite different from that of any of the classes of boi. They are the
personal property of their captors, and I am told that when guns first
made their appearance in the hills the western tribes used to exchange
their sal with the eastern tribes for guns, one strong sal being worth
two guns. As a rule only children and marriageable women were taken
captive, and the latter were disposed of in marriage, the lucky captor
acting in loco parentis and taking the marriage price. The children
grew up in the captor's house as his children, and as a rule were so
well treated that they seldom wished to return to their former homes.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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