Kuki (Indic people); Lushai (Asian people); Lushai language
It is "thianglo" to find, in the proposed jhum, a gibbon's skull stuck
on a tree stump. If in burning the jhum the flames make a peculiar
huk-huk sound; if the khatchhat (nightjar) calls by day, the jhum
had better be abandoned. Should the jhum cutter after his first day's
work dream of water or rice all will be well, but should he dream of
a mithan chasing him or tigers springing on him, he must not continue
cutting the jhum, or he will certainly get very ill and probably will
die. If on the site of the proposed jhum a "thing-lu-bul" is found,
death will certainly claim the cultivator should he persist in jhuming
anywhere near the unlucky object, which is a kind of abortive tree
growth without boughs or shoots, but covered with bulbous excrescences,
which sometimes remotely resemble the human form, and if cut exude
a blood-red juice. Should a tree have a pendant protuberance, called
"thingzang," the jungle near must not be cut. The rubbing together of
two tree boughs is thought to denote the presence of a Huai, who must
be appeased by the sacrifice of a cock and hen, the sherh being hung
under the jhum house with some chips of the tree. Brackish springs,
known as "sa-khi-shi" (barking deer springs), are supposed to be the
abodes of Huai, who are generally satisfied with the sacrifice of a
fowl, the sherh being hung in a basket over the spring, but if the
Huai be greedy the jhumer will fall ill, and then a pig and a dog
must be sacrificed in the same manner.
The following are some of the superstitions about animals:--
A Lushai named Kela visited Aijal; on the road he met a rat,
which stood up in the middle of the road and held its paws to its
head. "What a curious rat!" he said. Two days after he reached
his home he died. To see such a rat is certainly "thianglo." This
incident happened a short time ago; no one had ever heard of such a
rat having been seen before, and the unusualness of the occurrence,
coupled with the death of Kela, was, to the Lushais, proof positive of
its being the cause of his death. The Lushais tell me that sometimes
a muskrat will be followed by her whole family, each holding in its
mouth the tail of the one in front; this they call "In tir mei kai,"
and whoever sees it will certainly die. Should a bear on being shot
fall on its back, and lie with its legs in the air, the shooter will
die. If a bird enters the house prompt measures have to be taken to
avert misfortune. The puithiam is called and the bird captured. The
house is festooned within with the leaves of a certain tree, and the
bird is thrown out of the house by the puithiam, who, muttering various
charms, advises it to take itself off and carry its witchcraft with
it. I came across, in an old number of the Outlook, a translation of
a Chinese poem said to be dated about 100 B.C. in which the following
occurs:--"When a wild bird enters a dwelling it portends that the
human occupant must go forth." The coincidence is curious.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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