World War, 1914-1918 -- Campaigns -- Balkan Peninsula
The enemy had by now occupied the whole of Serbia, including Monastir,
which had been evacuated on December 5th, the Serbian garrison having
withdrawn to Salonica, but for political reasons they did not wish
to cross the Greek frontier, as they considered the Greece of King
Constantine (Venizelos having fallen) a benevolent neutral. This
gave the Allies breathing space and time to reinforce themselves. On
December 3rd, the French Government ordered General Sarrail to create
an entrenched camp at Salonica. The area from Topshin to Dogandzi
and Daudli was entrusted to the French, that from Daudli to the sea,
passing along the Lakes of Langaza and Besik and through the Rendina
gorge, to the British. The former had their usual 3 divisions, the
British five (22nd, 28th, 26th, 10th, and in addition the 27th without
artillery in reserve at Salonica). Within two months the first
positions were created with three lines of resistance and a barbed wire
entanglement 10 metres broad defended by 30 heavy batteries. These
defences had been made according to all the latest scientific rules
of war, and had the advantage of not having been constructed under
the pressure of the enemy, as was the case with the great entrenched
camps in France. Of the three lines of defence, the first and second
were in excellent condition, whereas the third was merely sketched.
The works were in groups of three, so that the two more advanced ones
were dominated by the one in the rear. They were united to each other
by communication trenches, which could also be used as firing trenches.
Beyond the entrenched camp the Allies occupied advanced positions,
the French as far as Sorovich, and later (March 21st, 1916) Florina,
and farther east along the railway between Kilkish and Kilindir; the
British towards the Lake Doiran.
Allies and enemies now stopped along the line which they were to occupy
without important change for several months. The enemy lines passed
to the south of Kenali (on the railway between Florina and Monastir)
along the ridge of Mount Kaimakchalan and thence along the mountains to
Lake Doiran. Beyond the lake they ascended on to the crest of the Beles
mountains, following the Græco-Bulgarian frontier of 1913. The enemy
attack was expected from week to week, but it did not come, and in the
meanwhile the Allies continued to receive reinforcements (French and
British) and material, and they were able to strengthen their defences
and improve their situation.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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