World War, 1914-1918 -- Campaigns -- Balkan Peninsula
The objectives of the Allies were now four: the liberation of Serbia,
the occupation of Bulgaria, the liberation of Roumania, and the capture
of Constantinople. The territory over which the Armée d’Orient was
operating, already vast before the Bulgarian capitulation, had now
become immense; it was, we may say, the whole of the Balkan Peninsula,
except Albania, which was left to the Italian XVI Corps, and Eastern
Thrace, still in Turkish hands. To the north its operations were
intended to link up eventually with those of the Italian Army, and
General Franchet d’Espérey said that he hoped soon to shake hands with
General Diaz in Croatia.
The I Serbian Army, the Danube Division leading, undertook the first
of these tasks, supported by the French and Serbian cavalry, while the
II Army still remained for a little to mount guard on the Bulgarian
western frontier. The left flank of the I Army in the Mitrovitza area
was covered by the Tranié Group, which, however, was relieved between
the 5th and the 20th of October by the II Serbian Army and moved
eastward. On the 7th the I Army was at Leskovatz in Old Serbia[47] and
advancing on Nish, which the Austro-Germans had orders to hold at all
costs, as it was the chief centre of the area, with immense depots and
dumps, and the junction of the Belgrade-Salonica railway with the line
towards Sofia and Constantinople; a local line also branches off to
Zayetchar. A force consisting of troops of 3 German divisions (217th,
219th and Alpen Corps) and of 2 Austrian divisions (9th and 25th) tried
to hold back the Serbs. But the latter on the 11th had occupied the
heights dominating the town from the south, thus obliging the enemy to
evacuate it after a brief engagement. The I Army continued its advance
along the Morava valley, preceded by the cavalry, and did not trouble
to await the two forces that were to support its flanks--the II Army
on the left and the French divisions of the A.F.O. on the right, which
had been delayed by the state of the roads--but was content with the
support afforded by the Serbian and French cavalry. The enemy offered
some resistance at Bukovich, and then at Parachin, where the fighting
was more obstinate (October 23rd-24th); but the Serbs, although
inferior in numbers, inflicted a serious defeat on them. This obliged
them to evacuate even their positions at Kraguyevatz to the west of
the railway, with its important arsenal. This town was occupied by the
Drina Division on the 26th, which the following day conquered Mounts
Ovchar and Chablatz, dominating positions and the scene of Voivod
Michich’s great victory in the winter of 1914. On the 30th the I Army
reached the Danube, and occupied the Biskuplje-Semendria line, while
other detachments, after a sharp struggle, captured Mount Kosmaj and
then Stoinik, 38 km. from Belgrade, whose outer defences are dominated
from that point. On November 1st the Serbs re-entered their capital in
triumph.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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