World War, 1914-1918 -- Campaigns -- Balkan Peninsula
But tendencies and forces hostile to an Italo-Serb understanding
unfortunately prevailed. The destination of the 35th Division was
altered by order of the C.A.A., and the bulk of its troops were sent
towards Bulgaria. Hence new and exhausting marches, with supplies
never arriving up to time on account of the badness of the roads and
the deficiencies of certain services of the C.A.A. on which they still
had to depend. After various intermediate halts, the Command reached
Kustendil on November 13th, with the troops echeloned between Guyeshevo
and Sofia, and soon after removed to Sofia itself. The division now
spread over a large part of Bulgaria--Kustendil, Sofia, Vidin, Lom
Palanka, etc. For some time there was a battalion at Burgas, and one at
Philippopolis, belonging to the Sicilia Brigade, most of which had now
left Salonica. When the British garrisons left the Dobrugia they were
relieved by Italian troops.
Although the French forces in Bulgaria were now very few, the
Inter-Allied Command in that country was entrusted to the French
General Chrétien. His position was certainly anomalous, as hitherto the
principle had been always applied that the Command in any given area
should be entrusted to a general of the nation which had most troops in
it. But the tact, character and excellent military qualities of General
Chrétien rendered this illogical situation tolerable.
[Illustration: MONUMENT TO THE FALLEN OF THE 161ST ITALIAN REGIMENT ON
VRATA HILL.
To face p. 261.
]
With the break-up of Austria-Hungary thousands of Italian prisoners
were set free or freed themselves. While the bulk of them made for
Italy, many tens of thousands who were in Hungary, Roumania, Galicia
and Russia proceeded towards Salonica, as they knew that there were
Italian troops in Macedonia. They had been cast adrift without food,
with insufficient clothing, often in rags and unshod, when they set
forth on their wretched pilgrimage towards their victorious comrades
across the icy-cold, wind-swept tracks of the Balkans. The country was
almost denuded of resources and, owing to the execrable state of the
communications, it was impossible to send up supplies from Salonica,
where they abounded. General Mombelli made superhuman efforts to bring
relief to these unfortunate wanderers; he sent detachments of troops
to Serbia, and with immense difficulty organized a service of supply
and transport. Gradually the liberated prisoners were conducted to
Salonica, Burgas, or Constantza, and thence embarked for Italy. But
large numbers perished from cold and hardships at the very moment when
all were rejoicing over the glorious victory.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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