World War, 1914-1918 -- Campaigns -- Balkan Peninsula
The autumn operations came to an end with the capture of Monastir,
after which the enemy was not vigorously pursued, partly owing to the
wish of General Sarrail himself, who was always more influenced by
political considerations regarding Greece than by military conditions,
and partly on account of the exhaustion of the troops. The Armée
d’Orient had thus conquered the important positions on the Cerna only
by half. The town of Monastir was in the hands of the French, but the
heights immediately to the N.W., N. and N.E., which dominated it, were
still held by the enemy. In the Cerna loop, we occupied part of Hill
1050, but as we have seen, the enemy held the topmost ridge which
dominated our positions, and many of our trenches could be enfiladed.
The same conditions obtained in the eastern half of the loop held by
the French. The Serbs, too, especially the units of the II Army, were
dominated by the enemy, and so also were the British to the west and
east of Lake Doiran. The situation was certainly not satisfactory for
the Allies, and the events in Roumania, where the Austrians, Germans
and Bulgarians had proved completely victorious, might at any moment
be followed by the arrival of enemy reinforcements on the Macedonian
front and consequently by a general attack. General Sarrail, in his
memoirs, attributes the suspension of the operations to the losses
suffered by all the Allies, particularly by the French and Serbs, to
the inorganic plans of the British and to their small desire to risk
fresh operations, to the want of energy of the Italians, due to orders
from Rome to General Petitti not to act but to limit himself to being
present, and to a divergence of views between the two Russian generals.
In reality, the primary cause was, as usual, the want of confidence
in General Sarrail on the part of the Allied commanders subordinate
to him, and even on the part of some of the French commanders, and to
his own want of energy in not seizing the opportune moment, after the
fall of Monastir, when the enemy was in full retreat and demoralized.
He might then have occupied the heights dominating the town and
constituted a far better defensive line, whence it would have been
possible, later on, to launch a fresh offensive in more favourable
conditions. But he let the occasion slip by, and the enemy, who had
been beaten but not crushed, had time to reorganize and reinforce
themselves in their positions, rendering them practically impregnable.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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