Leonardus said that the topaz was a charm against asthma and Rabbi Benoni calls it the emblem of strength and the easer of hæmorrhage. In the “Book of Wings” it is recommended that to secure favour with kings, princes, nobles and important personages a topaz engraved with the figure of a flying falcon should be worn. This charm was to be constructed as a charm of power when the well aspected moon was passing through the 5th, 6th and 7th degrees of the heavenly Scorpion. Another topaz charm given is for acquiring riches: this takes the form of a man holding a lamp. It had to be mounted in gold and constructed when the increasing moon, in good aspect to the direct Jupiter and the Sun, was passing through the 5th, 6th, 7th, 26th and 27th degrees of Scorpio. In a dream the topaz is a symbol of movement, protection from harm, poisons, etc. The symbolic dream introducing this stone is a symbolic message from the departed. The topaz and its varieties are under the celestial Scorpio. CHAPTER XXXI TOURMALINE—ZIRCON TOURMALINE: ARRIVAL OF SPECIMENS IN LONDON: THE ASH ATTRACTOR: THE “ELECTRIC STONE” OF LINNÆUS: THE “MAGNETIC” OF LEMERY: EXPERIMENTS OF ÆPINUS AND LEHMANN: PROFESSOR GOODCHILD’S EXPERIMENT: SUSPECTED CONNECTION OF THE TOURMALINE WITH ORIENTAL ALCHEMY: COLOURS OF THE TOURMALINE: THE TOURMALINE AND THE TOPAZ IN METHYLENE IODIDE: IDENTIFICATION SUGGESTIONS: PLINY’S LYCHNIS: THE CADUCEUS OF HERMES: TURQUOISE: SAXO AND ALBERTUS MAGNUS ON ITS VIRTUES: THE PIRUZEH OF THE ARABIANS: THE CHALCHIHUITL OF THE MEXICANS: IDENTIFIED WITH PLINY’S CALLAIS: A FAVOURITE ORIENTAL CHARM STONE: A SYMBOLIC THEORY OF ORIGIN: STONE OF THE HORSE AND RIDER: A RELIGIOUS GEM OF JUPITER: A CHARM AGAINST THE EVIL EYE: A SENSITIVE STONE: MISTAKES OF WRITERS: MEDICINAL VALUES: TURQUOISE SET IN STATUES OF BUDDHA: THE GOLDEN BOW AND TURQUOISE ARROW: GEM OF THE GODS: COLOUR CHANGES IN TURQUOISE: TURQUOISE AND THE WEATHER: INDIAN RAIN-STONE: KING TOHESER AND THE TURQUOISE MINES: MAJOR C. MAC DONALD AND PROFESSOR FLINDERS PETRIE DISCOVER THE OLD TURQUOISE WORKINGS: LOVE OF THE TURQUOISE IN OLD EGYPT: SOME UNIQUE STONES: THE GEM IN PERSIA: THE KHORASSAN MINES: STONE OF FASHION IN 17TH CENTURY EUROPE: DEATH STONE OF JAMES IV OF SCOTLAND: HENRY VIII SENDS A LAST GIFT TO CARDINAL WOLSEY: MARBODUS’S TURQUOISE TALISMAN OF FREEDOM: DIFFERENCE BETWEEN “DE VIELLE ROCHE” AND “DE NOUVELLE ROCHE”: VARISCITE: IDENTIFIED AS THE CALLAINA OF PLINY: MANÉ ER H’ROCK OR FAIRY ROCK OF BRITTANY: ZIRCON: STONE OF THE MOON’S NODES: THE SNAKES OF THE CADUCEUS. TOURMALINE “_This black thing, one of the prettiest of the very few pretty black things in the world, is called Tourmaline._” RUSKIN.