From the observed influences of the Sun and Moon the old scholars were enabled to classify the influence of these orbs in the various parts of the heavens and to formulate special rules, which extended observation rendered more convincing and complete. The simple consideration of the lunar phases brought grains of knowledge, which included the calculation of tidal action, eclipses, etc. The unity of the forces of Nature was then demonstrated in the actions and influences of the planets and stars, and the blending of such influences with their zodiacal positions and aspects. Universal unity was insisted on and the statements of the ancient scholars have not been discredited by the revelations of modern scientific discoveries. The Talmud calls the planets “moving stars” and sets down that Alexander of Macedon was pictured with a ball in his hand to symbolize the spherical shape of the Earth. The planets were indicated as follows: Mercury the Planet of Mind is _The_ Star Venus the Planet of Beauty is Splendour Mars the Planet of Contention is Ruddiness Jupiter the Planet of Prosperity is Benevolence Saturn the Planet of Restraint is The Star of Sabbath Comets are represented as arrows of flame bearing messages to mankind. * * * * * The various colours ascribed to the planets are: Sun Yellow, Golden, Orange Moon White, Silvery, pale opalescent Green Mercury Dove Grey Venus Delicate Colour Tints, Shades of Green, pale Blue, etc. Mars Red Jupiter Purple Saturn Black Uranus Mixed Colours Neptune Doubtful The colours ascribed to the 12 Signs of the Zodiac and the planets associated with them are: Aries White and Red Mixed Mars Taurus White and Lemon Mixed Venus Gemini White and Red Mixed Mercury Cancer Green or Russet Moon Leo Red and Green Sun Virgo Black and Blue Mercury Libra Dark Crimson Venus Scorpio Dark Brown Mars Sagittarius Sanguine Green Jupiter Capricorn Black Saturn Aquarius Sky Blue Uranus Pisces Glistening White Neptune The approximate date of the Sun’s entry into the various zodiacal signs enabled astrologers to select the Solar Talismanic Gem.