=Charlevoix, Pierre-François-Xavier de= (1682-1761). First came to Canada in 1705, as an instructor in the Jesuits' College at Quebec. Returned to France in 1709. It was at this time that he gathered the material for his _Histoire et Description Generale de la Nouvelle-France_. Again visited Canada in 1720 by order of the French government to report as to the best route for an overland expedition in search of the Western Sea. In the course of this journey visited the mission and posts of what was then the extreme western frontier of New France, returning to France in 1723, by way of Mobile. =Index=: =L= On the character of the Canadian population, 117; on the character of Frontenac, 144, 145. =F= On bravery of Canadians and indifferent conduct of French troops, 212; on Lachine massacre, 224, 227; on old age of François Hertel, 235; his account of "flag" incident in siege of Quebec, 295; on character and conduct of Frontenac, 333-336. =Ch= His opinion of Lescarbot, 37; his description of the French settlements in Canada, 243; his eulogy of Champlain, 276, 277. =Bib.=: Besides his _Histoire du Paraguay_ and _Histoire de l'Isle Espagnole ou de S. Dominique_, Charlevoix was the author of _La Vie de la Mère Marie de l'Incarnation_ and of the first general history of Canada, _Histoire et Description Generale de la Nouvelle-France_. His _Voyage dans l'Amerique Septentrionale_ was translated into English in 1756. Dr. J. G. Shea's translation of the History was published at New York in 6 vols., 1866-1872; and reprinted by F. P. Harper, New York, in 6 vols. An abridged translation of Charlevoix's _Journal_ is found in vol. 3 of French _Hist. Coll. of Louisiana_. For biog., _see_ J. E. Roy, _Essai sur Charlevoix_ (R. S. C., 1907). =Charlottetown.= Capital of Prince Edward Island. Originally founded by the French, about 1750, and then known as Port la Joie. In 1713 it was a fortified post, with a garrison of sixty soldiers. The population numbered 1354 in 1752; and in 1758 it had been increased to over 4000 by the arrival of a large number of Acadians from the mainland. It came under British rule in 1763, and received its present name about 1768. =Bib.=: Campbell, _History of Prince Edward Island_. =Charlottetown Conference=, 1864. =Md= Arranged by Tupper, 104; the Canadian proposals, 104; terms of union, 107. =H= Joseph Howe invited to attend as delegate, but declines, 176-177; Sir Charles Tupper's connection with, 176-177; Nova Scotia delegates, 177; maritime union found impracticable, 178; Sir John Macdonald proposes Confederation, 178. =B= History of, 161. =T= Delegates to, 73; history of, 73-75. _See_ Quebec Conference; Macdonald; Tupper. =Bib.=: Whelan, _Union of the British Provinces_; Saunders, _Three Premiers of Nova Scotia_. =Charny-Lauzon.= _See_ Lauzon-Charny. =Charron, Jean-François.= =L= Charitable work of, and of his brother, 125; house of charity established by, 245; death of, 246.