The Muscovy drake has a bare red eye-patch, and the male of the common
duck curled middle-tail feathers; in the hybrid neither of these
peculiarities is reproduced.
In a cross between nearly-related forms, the peculiarity of one species
may be reproduced in a modified form in the hybrid; for instance, in that
between the blackcock (_Tetrao tetrix_) and the capercailzie (_T.
urogallus_), the forked tail of the former reappears to a small extent in
the hybrid.
Very interesting are those cases in which the hybrid resembles neither
parent, but tends to be like an altogether distinct species, or to have a
character of its own. Thus the hybrids between the pied European and
chestnut African sheldrakes (_Tadorna cornuta_ and _Casarca cana_), now
in the British Museum, bear a distinct resemblance to the grey Australian
sheldrake (_C. tadornoides_). In pheasants, also, the crosses between the
common and gold, common and Amherst, gold and Japanese, and gold and
Reeves’ pheasants, widely different as all these birds are in
colouration, are remarkably alike, being all chestnut-coloured birds with
buff median tail-feathers. These may be seen in the British Museum. This
phenomenon, together with the above-noted disappearance of specialised
features in hybrids, is possibly comparable to the “reversion” observed
when widely-distinct domestic breeds are crossed, and so may give us an
idea of the appearance of the ancestors of the groups of species
concerned.
In the few cases wherein several generations of hybrids have been bred
_inter se_, there seems to have been no reversion to the original pure
types, such as happens when colour-forms are crossed.
M. Suchetet bred hybrid gold = Amherst pheasants for four generations,
and they retained the hybrid character. The young bred by Darwin from a
pair of common = Chinese geese hybrids “resembled,” he says, “in every
detail their hybrid parents.”
Wild Hybrids
When hybrids have been—as has far more usually been the case—bred back to
one of the pure stocks, the hybrid characters have shown, as might be
expected, a tendency quickly to disappear. The three-quarter-bred polar
bear now in the London Zoological Gardens is a pure polar save for a
brown tinge on the back. A three-quarter Amherst = gold pheasant in the
British Museum is a pure Amherst save for the larger crest, and a patch
of red on the abdomen. When three-quarter-bred pintail = common duck
hybrids were bred back to the pintail, the offspring “lost all
resemblance to the common duck.” In the case of the Argali-urial herd of
wild sheep above-mentioned, after the usurping Argali ram had been killed
by wolves, the hybrids bred with the urials, with the result that the
herd renewed the appearance of pure urial.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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