2. S. petiolàris, Ait. Minutely hoary or downy; stem strict, simple (1--3° high); leaves small (½--2´ long), oval or oblong, mucronate, veiny, rough-ciliolate; the upper entire and abruptly very short-petioled, the lower often serrate and tapering to the base; heads few, in a wand-like raceme or panicle, on slender bracted pedicels; rays about 10, elongated; scales of the pubescent involucre lanceolate or linear-awl-shaped, the outer loose and spreading, more or less foliaceous.--S. W. Ill. to Kan. and southward.--The name is misleading, as the leaves are hardly petioled. [*][*] _Involucral scales without green tips and wholly appressed._ [+] _Heads small (3´´ long), clustered along the stem in the axils of the feather-veined leaves, or the upper forming a thyrse._ [++] _Achenes pubescent._ 3. S. cæ̀sia, L. Smooth; _stem terete, mostly glaucous_, at length much branched and diffuse; _leaves lanceolate_ or oblong-lanceolate, serrate, pointed, sessile; heads in very short clusters, or somewhat racemose-panicled on the branches.--Rich woodlands, common; west to S. E. Minn., Ill., and Ky. 4. S. latifòlia, L. Smooth or nearly so; _stem angled, zigzag_, simple or paniculate-branched (1--3° high); _leaves broadly ovate or oval, very strongly and sharply serrate, conspicuously pointed at both ends_ (thin, 3--6´ long); heads in very short axillary clusters, or the clusters somewhat prolonged at the end of the branches; rays 3--4.--Moist shaded banks; common northward, and south along the mountains. 5. S. Curtísii, Torr. & Gray. Smooth or nearly so; stem angled, usually branched; leaves oblong to long-lanceolate with narrowed entire base, serrate above with subulate teeth; heads in small, loose clusters; rays 4--7.--Open woods at low elevations in the mountains of Va. and southward. [++][++] _Achenes glabrous; inflorescence more thyrsoid._ 6. S. bícolor, L. _Hoary or grayish with soft hairs_; stem mostly simple; leaves oblong or elliptical-lanceolate, acute at both ends, or the lower oval and tapering into a petiole, slightly serrate; _clusters or short racemes from the axils of the upper leaves_, forming an interrupted spike or crowded panicle; scales very obtuse; _rays (5--14) small, cream-color or nearly white_.--Var. CÓNCOLOR, Torr. & Gray, has the _rays yellow_.--Dry copses, west to Minn. and Mo. 7. S. montícola, Torr. & Gray. Nearly glabrous; stem slender, 1--2° high; leaves oblong-ovate to lanceolate, acute or tapering at both ends, the lower sparingly serrate; heads small, the scales acutish; rays 5--6.--Alleghany Mts., from Md. southward. [+][+] _Heads mostly large (smaller in n. 12), many-flowered, forming an erect terminal thyrse; leaves feather-veined._ [++] _Leaves numerous, short, sessile, entire, uniform in size and shape; western._