Heads and flowers as in Evax. Receptacle elongated or top-shaped, naked at the summit, but chaffy at the margins or toward the base; the chaff resembling the proper involucral scales, each covering a single pistillate flower. Achenes terete; pappus of the central flowers capillary, of the outer ones mostly none.--Annual, low, branching woolly herbs, with entire leaves, and small heads in capitate clusters. (Name from _filum_, a thread, in allusion to the cottony hairs of these plants.) F. GERMÁNICA, L. (HERBA IMPIA.) Stem erect, short, clothed with lanceolate and upright crowded leaves, producing a capitate cluster of woolly heads, from which rise one or more branches, each terminated by a similar head, and so on;--hence the common name applied to it by the old botanists, as if the offspring were undutifully exalting themselves above the parent.--Dry fields, N. Y. to Va. July--Oct. (Nat. from Eu.) 31. ANTENNÀRIA, Gaertn. EVERLASTING. Heads many-flowered, diœcious; flowers all tubular; pistillate corollas very slender. Involucre dry and scarious, white or colored, imbricated. Receptacle convex or flat, not chaffy. Anthers caudate. Achenes terete or flattish; pappus a single row of bristles, in the fertile flowers capillary, united at base so as to fall in a ring, and in the sterile thickened and club-shaped or barbellate at the summit.--Perennial white-woolly herbs, with entire leaves and corymbed (rarely single) heads. Corolla yellowish. (Name from the resemblance of the sterile pappus to the _antennæ_ of certain insects.) 1. A. plantaginifòlia, Hook. (PLANTAIN-LEAVED EVERLASTING.) Spreading by offsets and runners, low (3--18´ high); leaves silky-woolly when young, at length green above and hoary beneath; those of the simple and scape-like flowering stems small, lanceolate, appressed; the radical obovate or oval-spatulate, petioled, ample, 3-nerved; heads in a small crowded corymb; scales of the (mostly white) involucre obtuse in the sterile, and acutish and narrower in the fertile plant.--Sterile knolls and banks; common. March--May. 32. ANÁPHALIS, DC. EVERLASTING. Characters as of Antennaria, but the pappus in the sterile flowers not thickened at the summit or scarcely so, and that of the fertile flowers not at all united at base; fertile heads usually with a few perfect but sterile flowers in the centre. (Said to be an ancient Greek name of some similar plant.) 1. A. margaritàcea, Benth. & Hook. (PEARLY EVERLASTING.) Stem erect (1--2° high), corymbose at the summit, with many heads, leafy; leaves broadly to linear-lanceolate, taper-pointed, sessile, soon green above; involucral scales pearly-white, very numerous, obtuse or rounded, radiating in age. (Antennaria margaritacea, _R. Br._)--Dry hills and woods, common northward. Aug. (N. E. Asia.) 33. GNAPHÀLIUM, L. CUDWEED.