(5) _Bagasse._--The waste material from sugar-cane has been looked upon for many years as a desirable fibre, much time and labour having been given to the utilisation of this material. In spite of these efforts bagasse still remains an almost useless and unworkable material. This is partly due to inferiority of the pulp and partly due to difficulties connected with its treatment. Probably cultivation of the plant for the sake of its fibre instead of the sugar might give better results. (6) _Peat._--The attempts made to utilise peat for paper-making are probably fresh in the minds of those paper-makers interested in the production of wrappers and boxboards. The nature of peat, however, is such as to exclude the hope of making any useful article. The material has been exploited by companies in Austria, Ireland, and Canada on a fairly large scale, with but a limited amount of success. (7) _Cotton-seed Hulls._--Many patents have been taken out for the chemical treatment of cotton-seed waste and having for their object the removal of the particles of seed hulls, so as to obtain a pure cotton pulp. The scheme sounds attractive, but there are so many conditions which have to be taken account of that the commercial success of any undertaking based on the use of cotton-seed hulls is very questionable. The fact is that the hulls have a market value quite apart from the possibility of their application to paper-making, and this initial cost would prevent paper-makers from buying the material owing to the large quantity necessary for the manufacture of one ton of pure pulp. (8) _Apocynum._--This plant is said to be utilised to some extent by the Russian Government in the manufacture of bank notes, the plant being cultivated at Poltava. This is an instance of the particular application of a fibrous material in limited quantities, a proposition which is always feasible in the case of special requirements. (9) _Cornstalk._--This fibre has been chiefly exploited in America, experts having been attracted by the enormous quantities of cornstalk available in the several wheat-producing States. The manufacture of paper pulp from this material on a large scale has yet to be established. (10) _Japanese Paper Fibres._--In Eastern countries a great number of fibrous plants are utilised in small quantities for the manufacture of special papers. It is obvious that in these Eastern countries the employment of fibres which are not cultivated in large bulk is readily possible when the question of price obtained for the paper and the cost of production are considered. Of such fibres may be mentioned the _Mitsumata_ and _Kodzu_, easy of cultivation and giving a good yield of material per acre of ground. The waxed papers used for stencils in duplicating work on the typewriter are made from these fibres. The _paper Mulberry_ is also a well-known fibre; while a third species particularly valuable for thin papers is the _Gampi_.