A preposterous explanation, which no one would venture to suggest if
only he had condescended to make use of his eyes. Good people, why not
look into the early stages of the Wasp’s work? This is quite easy in
the case of the Polistes, who builds in the open, on a twig of some
hedge-plant. In the spring, when the Wasps’-nest is founded, the mother
is alone. She is not surrounded by collaborators who, vying with her in
zeal, would place partition against partition. She sets up her first
prism. There is nothing to hamper her, nothing to impose one form upon
her rather than another; and the original cell, free from contact in
every direction, is as perfect an hexagonal prism as the rest will be.
The faultless geometry of the structure asserts itself from the outset.
Look again when the comb of the Polistes or any Social Wasp that you
please is more or less advanced, when numbers of builders are at work
upon it. The cells at the edge, most of them still incomplete, are free
as regards their outer halves. So far as this part is concerned there
is no contact with the preceding row of cells; no limit is imposed; and
yet the hexagonal configuration appears as plainly here as elsewhere.
Let us abandon the theory of mutual pressure: a single glance of the
least discernment contradicts it flatly.
Others, with more scientific, that is to say, less intelligible
ostentation, substitute for the contact of the swollen peas the contact
of spheres which, with their intersections and by virtue of an unseeing
mechanism, lead to the superb structure of the Bees. The theory of an
order emanating from an Intelligence watchful over all things is, to
their thinking, a childish supposition; the riddle of things is
explained by the mere potentialities of chance. To these profound
philosophers, who deny the geometrical Idea Which rules the forms of
things, let us propound the problem of the Snail.
The humble mollusc coils its shell according to the laws of a curve
known as the logarithmic spiral, a transcendental curve compared with
which the hexagon is extremely simple. The study of this line, with its
remarkable properties, has long delighted the meditations of the
geometricians.
How did the Snail take it as a guide for his winding staircase? Did he
arrive at it by means of intersecting spheres, or other combinations of
forms dove-tailed one into the other? The foolish notion is not worth
stopping to consider. With the Snail there is no conflict between
fellow-workers, no interpenetration of similar, adjoining structures.
Quite alone, completely isolated, peacefully and unconsciously he
achieves his transcendental spiral with the aid of glaireous matter
charged with lime.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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