The pope did not openly protest against the Pacification of Amboise, but virtually condemned it by a bull to the cardinal inquisitors-general (7th April, 1563), permitting them to take proceedings against heretics and their supporters, even in the states beyond their jurisdiction. The opposition of the court of Spain was entirely selfish. Philip II. knew that peace in France was dangerous to tyranny in the Netherlands. Strengthened by his discontent, the Spanish faction openly set the treaty at defiance. The government, however, was sincere in its desire for tranquillity, and Catherine labored earnestly to conciliate the malcontents. When Jacques Philippeaux was sent to Gap, he called upon the Huguenots to deliver up their arms, but granted them liberty of conscience, and permitted them to bury their dead in the general cemetery with their own forms and ceremonies, until another place could be provided. But such instances of toleration and charity were rare; for France was like the sea, where the waves continue to rise long after the storm has ceased. Early in the course of the war, Coligny had the misfortune to lose his son after a short illness of six days. He felt the blow keenly, and to comfort his wife, who took it very much to heart, he wrote the following letter: “Although you may grieve over the loss of our dear child, yet I must remind you that, as it was God’s pleasure to take him, so it should be ours to obey His will. He was a good child, and we might have entertained great hopes of one so well conducted; but remember, dearest, that we can not live without offending God, and that our boy is happy in dying at an age when he was exempt from sin. It was God’s will, and I offer Him my other children, if it be His pleasure. Do the same, if you desire He should bless you, for in Him we should place all our hope. Farewell, my dearly beloved. I hope to see you shortly, which will be a great joy to me.” CHAPTER VII. CHAOS. [1562–1563.] Nature of the Struggle--Montluc--His Barbarity--Des Adrets--His Ferocity--Murders at Gaillac--The Reform in Provence and Languedoc--Scenes at Orange--Revolt at Valence--Disturbances at Lyons--Compromise--La Rochelle--Massacre at Toulouse--Exodus of Sisteron--Sauteries of Macon--Limoux--Palm Sunday at Castelnaudary--The Monks of St. Calais--Violence in Berry--The Chatelaine of Avallon--The Proctor of Bar--Atrocities of the Bishop of Le Mans and his Lieutenant--Huguenot Cruelties at Dieppe and Bayeux--Angoulême--Quarrels at Court--Siege of Havre--Duplicity of English Government--Charles Proclaimed of Age--His Character--Council of Trent.