The Maya Chronicles: Brinton's Library Of Aboriginal American Literature, Number 1
History
The Maya Chronicles: Brinton's Library Of Aboriginal American Literature, Number 1
Maya language -- Glossaries, vocabularies, etc.; Maya language -- Texts; Mayas -- Antiquities; Mayas -- History
That in either language the name Tutulxiu can be translated "Bird-tree"
(Vogelbaum), as is argued by Dr. Carl Schultz-Sellack (_Archiv für
Ethnologie_, Band XI, 1879), and on which translation he bases a long
argument, is very doubtful. It certainly could not in Maya; and in
Nahuatl, _tototl_ in composition would drop both its terminal
consonants.
The remaining names, Nonoual, Zuiua, Tula-pan, clearly indicate their
Nahuatl origin. Zuiua, which was erroneously printed in Pio Perez's
version as Zuina is Zuiva; Nonoual is Nonohual; Tulapan, literally "the
standard of Tula," refers to the famous city of the Toltecs, presided
over by Quetzalcoatl. All these names are borrowed directly from the
myth of this hero-god.
_Zuiven_ was the name of the uppermost heaven, the abode of the Creator
Hometeuctli, the father of Quetzalcoatl, and the place of his first
birth as a divinity. In later days, when the Quetzalcoatl myth had
extended to the Kiches and Cakchiquels, members of the Maya family in
Guatemala, "Tulan Zuiva" was identified with the Aztec Chicomoztoc, the
famous "Seven Caves," "Seven Ravines," or "Seven Cities," from which so
many tribes of Mexico, wholly diverse in language and lineage, claimed
that their ancestors emerged in some remote past (compare the _Codex
Vaticanus_, Lam. I; _Codex Zumarraga_, chap. I, with the _Popol Vuh_,
pp. 214, 227). To this spot the ancestors of the Guatemalan tribes were
reported to have gone to receive their gods; from it issued the Aztec
god Huitzilopochtli; in it still were supposed to dwell his mother and
other mighty divinities; and Quetzalcoatl was again the youngest born of
Iztac Mixcohuatl, the mighty lord of the Seven Caves (Motolinia,
_Historia de los Indios de Nueva España_ p[TN-12] 10, etc.).
_Tula_, properly _Tollan_, a syncopated form of _Tonatlan_, which means
"the place of the Sun," was a name applied to a number of towns in
Mexico, all named after that magnificent city inhabited by the Tolteca
("dwellers in the place of the Sun"), servants and messengers of the
Light-God their ruler, the benign, the virgin-born Quetzalcoatl. The
common tradition ran that it was destroyed by the wiles of Tezcatlipoca,
the brother, yet the eternal enemy, of Quetzalcoatl, and that at its
destruction the Toltecs disappeared, no one knew whither, while
Quetzalcoatl, after reigning a score of years in Cholula, journeyed far
eastward to the home of the Sun, where he enjoyed everlasting life.
_Nonohual_ also had a place in this myth. It was a mountain over against
Tulan. There it was that the eldest sister of Quetzalcoatl resided. When
he was made drunken by the insidious beverage handed him as a healing
draught by Tezcatlipoca, he sent for this sister, held to her lips the
intoxicating cup, and with her passed a night of debauch, the memory of
which filled him with such shame that nevermore dared he face his
subjects. Such is the story recited at length in the Aztec chronicle
called the _Codex Chimalpopoca_.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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