The Maya Chronicles: Brinton's Library Of Aboriginal American Literature, Number 1
History
The Maya Chronicles: Brinton's Library Of Aboriginal American Literature, Number 1
Maya language -- Glossaries, vocabularies, etc.; Maya language -- Texts; Mayas -- Antiquities; Mayas -- History
The proper names Ulmil and Ulil seem both to be derived from _ula_,
host, the master of the feast.
Here, again, I shall give the originals of the two previous translators.
_Translation of Pio Perez._
"En este mismo periodo ô _katun_ del 8º ahau fueron á destruir al rey
Ulmil porque le hacia la guerra al rey de Izamal Ulil. Trece divisiones
de combatientes tenia cuando los dispersó Hunac-eel para escarmentarlos:
la guerra se concluyó en el 6º ahau á los 34 años."
_Translation of Brasseur._
"C'est dans la même période du Huit Ahau qu'ils allèrent attaquer le roi
Ulmil, à cause de ses grands festins avec Ulil, roi d'Ytzmal: ils
avaient treize divisions de troupes, lorsqu'ils furent défaits par
Hunac-Eel, par celui qui donne l'intelligence. Au Six Ahau, c'en etait
fait, après trente quatre ans."
The name Hunac Eel should be Hunac Ceel, as it is given in the other
chronicles. It means "he who causes great fear," _hunac_ in composition
means much, great, and _ceel_, cold, also the fright and terror which
makes one shiver as with cold ("espanto, asombro ô turbacion que causa
frió." _Dicc. de Motul_, MS).[TN-18]
11. This important section describes the destruction of the great city
of Mayapan, which occurred somewhere between A.D. 1420-1450. The reasons
given for the act are not clear.
_Tumenel u pack tulum, tumenel multepal ich cah Mayalpan_, appears to me
to have the precise meaning I have given in the text; but Pio Perez
translates the passage thus "fué invadido por los hombres de Itza y su
rey Ulmil, el territorio fortificado de Mayalpan, porque tenia murallas,
y porque gobernaba en comun el pueblo de aquella ciudad."
The expression _multepal_, from _mul_, to do an act jointly, or in
common, and _tepal_, to govern, is interesting as showing that the
government of the country in its golden days of prosperity was not one
of an autocratic monarch, but a league or confederation of the principal
chiefs of the peninsula. This is also borne out by the descriptions of
the ancient government to be found in the pages of Landa and Herrera.
The Itzas seized the territory in and around Mayapan, but they were not
the ones who destroyed the city. This was the work of _Ahuitzilɔul_,
foreign mountaineers. _Ɔul_, is the common term for a foreigner in Maya,
and is now-a-days applied especially to the whites. _Uitz_, mountain, is
used with reference to the high sierra which runs through central
Yucatan, and so Pio Perez understood _ahuitzil_, "los que tenian sus
ciudades en la parte montañosa." This is probably correct, though we do
not know to whom this appellation refers. Yet it may be added that
another meaning can be given to the phrase; _uitz_ is the term applied
by the natives in some parts of the peninsula to the artificial mounds
or pyramids on which their temples were situated, which are usually
called _muul_.[132-1] In this sense _ahuitzil ɔul_ should be rendered
"foreigners who had great pyramids."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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