Working plan Forms of material tested Size of test specimens Moisture determination Machine for static tests Speed of testing machine Bending large beams Bending small beams Endwise compression Compression across the grain Shear along the grain Impact test Hardness test: Abrasion and indentation Cleavage test Tension test parallel to the grain Tension test at right angles to the grain Torsion test Special tests Spike pulling test Packing boxes Vehicle and implement woods Cross-arms Other tests APPENDIX Sample working plan of United States Forest Service Strength values for structural timbers BIBLIOGRAPHY Part I: Some general works on mechanics, materials of construction, and testing of materials Part II: Publications and articles on the mechanical properties of wood, and timber testing Part III: Publications of the United States Government on the mechanical properties of wood, and timber testing ILLUSTRATIONS Frontispiece Photomicrograph of a small block of western hemlock 1. Stress-strain diagrams of two longleaf pine beams 2. Compression across the grain 3. Side view of failures in compression across the grain 4. End view of failures in compression across the grain 5. Testing a buggy-spoke in endwise compression 6. Unequal distribution of stress in a long column due to lateral bending 7. Endwise compression of a short column 8. Failures of a short column of green spruce 9. Failures of short columns of dry chestnut 10. Example of shear along the grain 11. Failures of test specimens in shear along the grain 12. Horizontal shear in a beam 13. Oblique shear in a short column 14. Failure of a short column by oblique shear 15. Diagram of a simple beam 16. Three common forms of beams--(1) simple, (2) cantilever, (3) continuous 17. Characteristic failures of simple beams 18. Failure of a large beam by horizontal shear 19. Torsion of a shaft 20. Effect of torsion on different grades of hickory 21. Cleavage of highly elastic wood 22. Cross-sections of white ash, red gum, and eastern hemlock 23. Cross-section of longleaf pine 24. Relation of the moisture content to the various strength values of spruce 25.