Charities -- Great Britain; Hospitals -- Great Britain; Hospitals, Medieval; Leprosy -- England
The “corrody” was an even greater, because a permanent, burden. The
privilege of board and lodging was frequently given away by patrons
as a reward for service, but sometimes it was created by grant of the
community itself, or sold by greedy officials. This grievance marks
a period of decline. Whereas Henry III pensioned his nurses from the
Exchequer, Edward I imposed upon hospitals the maintenance of old
servants of the Crown, sending a former damsel of the queen-mother and
her man-servant to Ospringe to be maintained for life. He appointed
only to houses of royal foundation, but his son went further, demanding
admission, for example, to the episcopal hospital at Worcester. Caring
little that Bishop Wulstan was the founder, Edward II declares that
“the hospitals in the realm were founded by the king’s progenitors for
the admission of poor and weak persons, and especially of those in the
king’s service who were unable to work.” An order is sent to Oxford to
admit the king’s [p214] chaplain to St. John’s, finding him and his
clerk food, drink, robes, shoe-leather, wood, litter, and a fitting
dwelling-place. The Statute of 1314–15 condemned the tyrannous practice
of burdening religious houses in this manner.
Edward III was checked in the first year of his reign by a more
forcible enactment entitled, “There shall be no more grants of
Corrodies at the King’s Requests.” It states that many have been
hitherto grieved by such requests “which have desired them by great
threats, for their clerks and other servants, for great pensions and
corrodies.” Edward declares that he “will no more such things desire,
but where he ought”; and henceforth letters patent of this character
are less numerous. Where the demand was considered unjust, resentment
sometimes took the form of violence. Thus in 1341 the master of St.
John’s, Oxford, with eight men, assaulted and imprisoned a certain
Alice Fitz-Rauf; they carried her off by night with veiled face, threw
her into a filthy place, and so left her, having taken away the writ
requesting her reception into the hospital. More often a mild protest
was made by officials; they acquiesce “of mere courtesy,” but beg to be
excused in future. Forgetting that the courtesy of one generation may
be the custom of the next, the much-abused York hospital submits (1331)
provided the demand shall not form a precedent. Fifty years later,
a strong-minded master of that house refuses to admit a man at King
Richard’s command, replying that it was “founded for the bed-ridden and
not for the able-bodied.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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