Charities -- Great Britain; Hospitals -- Great Britain; Hospitals, Medieval; Leprosy -- England
Nor were his friends less faithful, for when Becket’s chancellor
Benedict (afterwards his biographer) was transferred from Canterbury
to Peterborough, he completed a foundation in his honour. Probably
Benedict was also concerned in the choice of name at Stamford,
especially as that dependent house adopted St. John Baptist and St.
Thomas as joint patrons; for the fact that the new martyr’s body
was laid near the altar of the Baptist called forth from several
chroniclers (as Stanley points out) the remark that St. John Baptist
was the bold opponent of a wicked king. In a document relating to the
Stamford house, St. Thomas is referred to as “the proto-martyr,” but
the claim is hard to justify. He was [p267] commemorated with St.
Stephen at Romney, a dedication which would have given him abundant
satisfaction; for previous to his flight in 1164 he celebrated,
as having a special portent, the mass “in honour of the blessed
proto-martyr Stephen.”
It is a far cry from Kent to Northumberland, but there existed at
Bolton a hospital of St. Thomas. Within a few miles had been fought the
Battle of Alnwick, a victory won, it was believed, as the result of
the king’s public penance the same day (1174). The date of foundation
is not recorded, but it was begun before 1225. About the same time
a hospital of St. Thomas was being built at Hereford, by one of
the Warennes, whose father had bitterly opposed the then unpopular
Chancellor. The new devotion to St. Thomas was fanned into flame by
the magnificent ceremony of 1220 on the removal of his body to its
wonderful shrine. Soon after this, a hospital was founded at Bec, and
the patronage annexed to the See of Norwich; it was consecrated by
Bishop Pandulph, who had taken a leading part in the “Translation,”
an event which was henceforth celebrated on July 7. For centuries the
shrine was held in high honour. The Letter Books of Christ Church,
Canterbury, record miracles in 1394 and 1445.[163] So notable was the
first of these that Richard II wrote to congratulate the archbishop,
acknowledging his thankfulness to “the High Sovereign Worker of
miracles who has deigned to work this miracle in our days, and upon a
foreigner, as though for the purpose of spreading . . . the glorious
fame of His very martyr,” adding a pious wish that it might result in
the conversion of those in error at a time when “our faith and belief
[p268] have many more enemies than they ever had time out of mind.”
Such signs were, in fact, an antidote to Lollardy, as is implied by the
public testimony of the Chapter to the cure of a cripple from Aberdeen
in 1445.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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