[143] Philippe Mouskes, _de Poetis Provincialibus_ (quoted Ducange, s. v. _leccator_): ‘Quar quant li buens Rois Karlemaigne Ot toute mise à son demaine Provence, qui mult iert plentive De vins, de bois, d’aigue, de rive, As lecours, as menestreus, Qui sont auques luxurieus, Le donna toute et departi.’ [144] Kögel, i. 2. 220. [145] Theganus, _de gestis Ludovici Pii_ (_M. G. H. Scriptores_, ii. 594), c. 19 ‘Poetica carmina gentilia, quae in iuventute didicerat, respuit, nec legere nec audire nec docere voluit,’ and ‘nunquam in risu exaltavit vocem suam, nec quando in festivitatibus ad laetitiam populi procedebant thymelici, scurrae, et mimi cum choraulis et citharistis ad mensam coram eo, tunc ad mensuram ridebat populus coram eo, ille nunquam vel dentes candidos suos in risu ostendit.’ The ‘carmina gentilia,’ so much disliked by Louis, were probably Frankish and not classic poems. [146] Benedictus Levita, vi. 205 (_M. G. H. Leges_, ii. 2. 83), ‘ne in illo sancto die vanis fabulis aut locutionibus sive cantationibus vel saltationibus stando in biviis et plateis ut solet inserviant.’ On this collection see Schaff, v. 272. [147] This capitulary is of doubtful date, but belongs to the reign either of Louis the Pious, or Lothair (Boretius, i. 334; Pertz, i. 324; Ben. Levita, ii. 49) ‘ut in palatiis nostris ad accusandum et iudicandum et testimonium faciendum non se exhibeant viles personae et infames, histriones scilicet, nugatores, manzeres, scurrae, concubinarii, ... aut servi aut criminosi’; cf. R. Sohm, _Die fränk. Reichs-und Gerichtsverfassung_, 354. [148] For ninth-century prohibitions see _Statutes_ of Haito, Bp. of Basle (807-23), c. 11 (Boretius, i. 364); _Conc. of Maintz_ (847), c. 13 (Boretius, ii. 179); _Conc. of Maintz_ (852), c. 6 (Boretius, ii. 187); _Capit._ of Walter of Orleans (858), c. 17 (Mansi, xv. 507), _Capit._ of Hincmar of Rheims (_P. L._ cxxv. 776); and cf. Prynne, 556. Stress is often laid on the claims of the poor; e.g. Agobardus (†836), _de Dispens. Eccles. Rer._ 30 (_P. L._ civ. 249) ‘satiat praeterea et inebriat histriones, mimos, turpissimosque et vanissimos ioculares, cum pauperes ecclesiae fame discruciati intereant.’ [149] Otto Frisingensis, _Chronicon_, vi. 32, records of the Emperor Henry III in 1045 that ‘quumque ex more regio nuptias Inglinheim celebraret, omne balatronum et histrionum collegium, quod, ut assolet, eo confluxerat, vacuum abire permisit, pauperibusque ea quae membris diaboli subtraxerat, large distribuit.’ After the death of the Emperor Henry I of Germany his widow Matilda ‘neminem voluit audire carmina saecularia cantantem’ (_Vita Machtildis Antiquior_ in _M. G. H. Scriptores_, iv. 294). [150] Honorius Augustodunensis, _Elucidarium_ (†1092), ii. 18 (_P. L._ clxxii. 1148) ‘Habent spem ioculatores? nullam; tota namque intentione sunt ministri Satanae’; on the vogue of this book cf. _Furnivall Miscellany_, 88.