[239] Gautier, ii. 160. Richard Swinfield, bishop of Hereford, more than once rewarded minstrels on his episcopal rounds (J. Webb, _Household Expenses of Richard de Swinfield_, C. S. i. 152, 155). The bishops of Durham in 1355, Norwich in 1362, and Winchester in 1374, 1422, and 1481 had ‘minstrels of honour,’ like any secular noble (see Appendix E, &c.). Even the austere Robert Grosseteste had his private harper, if we may credit Mannyng, 150: ‘He louede moche to here the harpe; For mannys wyt hyt makyth sharpe. Next hys chaumbre, besyde hys stody, Hys harpers chaumbre was fast therby.’ Mannyng represents Grosseteste as excusing his predilection by a reference to King David. [240] Madox, _Hist. of Exchequer_, 251. [241] _Norfolk Archaeology_, xi. 339 (Norwich); Hazlitt-Warton, ii. 97; Kennet, _Parochial Antiq._ ii. 259 (Bicester); _Decem Scriptores_, 2011 (Canterbury); for the rest cf. Appendix E. [242] Hazlitt-Warton, ii. 97; iii. 118, quotes from the _Register_ of St. Swithin’s amongst the _Wolvesey MSS._; in 1338 ‘cantabat ioculator quidam nomine Herebertus canticum Colbrondi, necdum gestum Emmae reginae a iudicio ignis liberatae, in aula prioris’: in 1374 ‘In festo Alwynis episcopi ... in aula conventus sex ministralli, cum quatuor citharisatoribus, faciebant ministralcias suas. Et post cenam, in magna camera arcuata domini Prioris, cantabant idem gestum.... Veniebant autem dicti ioculatores a castello domini regis et ex familia episcopi.’ The ‘canticum Colbrondi’ was doubtless a romance of Guy of Warwick, of which Winchester is the locality. Fragments of early fourteenth-century English versions exist (Ten Brink, i. 246; Jusserand, _E. L._ i. 224; Zupitza, _Guy of Warwick_, E. E. T. S.; G. L. Morrill, _Speculum Gy de Warewyke_, E. E. T. S. lxxxi). [243] Bartholomaeus (Albizzi) de Pisis (1385-99), _Liber Conformitatum_ (ed. 1590, i. 94^b); Antoninus Episc. Florentiae (1389-1459), _Chronicon_ (ed. 1586, iii. 752) ‘alterius linguae ioculatores eos existimans’; cf. A. Wood, _Hist. et Antiq. Univ. Oxon._ (1674), i. 69; _City of Oxford_ (O. H. S.), ii. 349. [244] See Appendix E. At Paris the _Statutes_ of Cornouaille College (1380) required abstinence from ‘ludis mimorum, ioculatorum, histrionum, goliardorum, et consimilium.’ Bulaeus, v. 782, gives another Paris regulation allowing ‘mimi, ad summum duo’ on Twelfth Night (Rashdall, ii. 674).