The mediaeval stage, volume 2 (of 2)Chambers, E. K. (Edmund Kerchever)
History
The mediaeval stage, volume 2 (of 2)
Chambers, E. K. (Edmund Kerchever)
Drama, Medieval -- History and criticism; Theater -- History -- Medieval, 500-1500
Certainly the spirit of Protestantism, although it came to be willing to
use the religious drama for its own purposes[367], was inclined to see
both profanity and superstition in the ordinary miracle-plays[368]. Here,
as elsewhere, it inherited the hostile tradition which such reforming
clerics as Gerhoh of Reichersberg in the twelfth century and Robert
Grosseteste in the thirteenth had handed down to Wyclif and his Lollards.
At Bungay in 1514 certain ill-disposed persons ‘brake and threw down five
pageants’ usually borne about the town on Corpus Christi day. One may
fairly suspect, even at this early date, a Lollardist intention in the
outrage, and perhaps also in the interposition of the authority of the
warden of the Cinque Ports to suppress the play of New Romney in 1518.
With the progress of the new ideas the big cycles began to be irregularly
performed or to undergo textual modification. The plays of York, for
example, were shorn in 1548 of the pageants representing the Death,
Assumption, and Coronation of the Virgin. On the other hand, religious
plays sometimes became a rallying-point for those who favoured the old
order of things. There is extant a letter from Henry VIII to the justices
of York, in which he refers to a riot promoted by certain papists at a
play of St. Thomas the Apostle, and warns them not to suffer upon such
occasions any language likely to tend to a breach of the peace. The brief
Marian reaction led to the resumption of the plays in more than one town
which had dropped them. The Lincoln corporation ordered ‘St. Anne’s Gild
with Corpus Cristi play’ to be brought forward again in 1554 and 1555.
In London Henry Machyn records during 1557 a Passion play at the Grey
Friars, and another in the church of St. Olave’s, Silver Street, on the
festival of the patron. The New Romney play was elaborately revived,
after forty-two years’ interval, in 1560. But the process of decay soon
set in again. Even where the plays survived, they were Protestantized,
and as Corpus Christi day was no longer observed, the performances had to
be transferred to some other date. At York the text of the Corpus Christi
play was ‘perused and otherwise amended’ in 1568. In 1569 it was acted
upon Whit-Tuesday. Then it lay by until 1579, when the book was referred
to the archbishop and dean for further revision, and apparently impounded
by them. The Creed play was suppressed, by advice of the dean, in 1568,
as unsuitable to ‘this happie time of the gospell.’ The _Paternoster_
play was revised and played in 1572. Then this text also fell into the
hands of the archbishop, and the corporation seem to have been unable
to recover it. So ended the religious drama in York. In Chester the
municipal authorities stood out gallantly for their plays. John Hankey
and Sir John Savage, mayors in 1572 and 1575 respectively, were called
before the privy council for sanctioning performances in spite of
inhibitions from the archbishop of York and other persons of authority.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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