Ihesum Nazarenum crucifixum, o caelicole. non est hic, surrexit sicut praedixerat, ite, nuntiate quia surrexit. Alleluia. ad sepulchrum residens angelus nuntiat resurrexisse Christum: en ecce completum est illud quod olim ipse per prophetam dixerat ad patrem taliter inquiens, _Resurrexi_.’ Here the appended portion of narrative makes the trope slightly less dramatic. Yet another addition is made in one of the Limoges manuscripts. Just as the trope introduces the _Introit_, so it is itself introduced by the following words: ‘Hora est, psallite. iube, dompnus, canere. eia, eia, dicite.’ As M. Gautier puts it, the trope is troped[27]. In the Easter _Quem quaeritis_ the liturgical drama was born, and to it I shall return. But it must first be noted that it was so popular as to become the model for two very similar tropes belonging to Christmas and to the Ascension. Both of these are found in more than one troper, but not earlier, I believe, than the eleventh century. I quote the Christmas trope from a St. Gall manuscript[28]. ‘_In Natale Domini ad Missam sint parati duo diaconi induti dalmaticis, retro altare dicentes_ Quem quaeritis in praesepe, pastores, dicite? _Respondeant duo cantores in choro_ salvatorem Christum Dominum, infantem pannis involutum, secundum sermonem angelicum. _Item diaconi_ adest hic parvulus cum Maria, matre sua, de qua, vaticinando, Isaias Propheta: ecce virgo concipiet et pariet filium. et nuntiantes dicite quia natus est. _Tunc cantor dicat excelsa voce_ alleluia, alleluia, iam vere scimus Christum natum in terris, de quo canite, omnes, cum Propheta dicentes: _Puer natus est_.’ The Ascension trope is taken from an English troper probably belonging to Christ Church, Canterbury[29]. ‘Quem cernitis ascendisse super astra, o Christicolae? Ihesum qui surrexit de sepulchro, o caelicolae. iam ascendit, ut praedixit, ascendo ad patrem meum et patrem vestrum, deum meum et deum vestrum. alleluia: regna terrae, gentes, linguae, conlaudate dominum: quem adorant caeli cives in paterno solio: deo gratias dicite eia.’ I return now to the Easter _Quem quaeritis_. In a few churches this retained its position at the beginning of Mass, either as an _Introit_ trope in the strict sense, or, which comes to much the same thing, as a chant for the procession which immediately preceded. This was the use of the Benedictine abbey of Monte Cassino at the beginning of the twelfth century, of that of St. Denys in the thirteenth[30], and of the church of St. Martin of Tours in the fifteenth[31]. Even in the seventeenth century the _Quem quaeritis_ still appears in a Paris manuscript as a ‘_tropus_[32],’ and Martene records a practice similar to that of Monte Cassino and St. Denys as surviving at Rheims in his day[33].