Uses.--We do not know to what use the Filipinos put this plant, but in India the sweet flowers are dried and sold in the bazars under the name of _Nag-Kasar_ or _Nagesur_, which is used as a mild stimulant, but especially as a perfume. A dark oil is expressed from the seeds, its density 0.954 and its solidifying point 5° above zero. In northern Canara it is used locally in rheumatism. The incised root bark exudes a resinous sap which is a good bitter tonic. The infusion of the wood is equally good. The dried flowers, finely powdered and mixed with oil or lard make a useful ointment for acute hemorrhoids. The fruit is acrid and purgative. Botanical Description.--A tree with leaves long-petioled, oblong, lanceolate, acuminate, rounded at the base, thick, coriaceous, upper surface lustrous, lower surface greenish or covered with a waxy, ash-colored powder. Flowers terminal or axillary, solitary, yellowish. Calyx 4 imbricated sepals, orbiculate, slightly pubescent. Corolla 4 persistent petals, wedge-shaped, short, with rounded points. Stamens indefinite, free, in 5-6 series. Ovary free, 2-celled, each cell containing 2 ovules. Style bilobed. Fruit nearly unilocular, ovate, acuminate, encompassed at its base by the sepals, the lower part of the petals, and crowned by the style. Pericarp woody, dehiscent at the tip by 2-4 valves; contains 1-4 seeds, slightly orbiculate, coriaceous. Habitat.--Common in the forests. DIPTEROCARPEÆ. _Dipterocarpus turbinatus_, Gaertn. (_D. Indicus_, Bedd.; _D. Mayapis_, Blanco.) Nom. Vulg.--_Mayapis_, Tag.; _Gurjun_, _Kanyin_, Indo-Eng. Uses.--This tree yields an oleo resin, used in medicine and known under the name of _bálsamo de gurjun_. Other species of _Dipterocarpus_ (_D. alatus_, Roxb.; _D. incanus_, Roxb.; _D. trinervis_, Bl., etc., etc.) produce the same substance. Balsam of Gurjun is a stimulant of the mucous membranes, especially those of the genito-urinary tract, and is diuretic. It is also indicated in bronchial catarrh and as a local application in ulcer. The first to recommend the use of gurjun as a substitute for copaiba was Sir W. O'Shaughnessy in 1838, and in 1852 this property was confirmed by Waring with highly satisfactory results. Dr. Enderson of Glasgow employed it in cases that received no benefit from copaiba, giving a teaspoonful t. i. d. in emulsion. Dr. Rean also classed it as equal to copaiba in efficiency. The daily dose ranges from 5-20 grams, in liquid or pill. The following is an excellent formula for an emulsion: Cinnamon water 125 grams. Sodium carbonate, crystals 2 grams. Balsam of gurjun 25 grams. Syrup of gum 25 grams. Sulphuric ether 2 grams. Mix and shake. Dose.--6-12 large spoonfuls each day, for the declining stage of gonorrhoea.