Habitat.--Batangas, Morong, Manila.
_Murraya exotica_, L. (_M. paniculata_, Jack.; _Connarus foetens_,
and _C. santaloides_, Blanco.)
Nom. Vulg.--_Kamuning_, Tag.
Uses.--The leaves are stimulant and astringent, and are used
in infusion (15 grams, to water one liter) to treat diarrhea and
dysentery. The root and trunk barks are used for the same treatment
and they as well as the leaves owe their properties to an essential
oil and a bitter principle present in all parts of the plant. Vry has
demonstrated the presence of a glucoside which he has named _murrayin_
(C_18_H_22_O_10_); it crystallizes in small, white needles, is slightly
bitter, soluble in hot water and alcohol, insoluble in ether, slightly
soluble in cold water. It melts at 170°, and dissolves in alkaline
solutions coloring them green. Boiled in dilute acids it splits into
_murrayetin_ and glucose. _Murrayetin_ (C_12_H_12_O_10_) crystallizes
in white needles, inodorous, tasteless, slightly soluble in cold water
and in ether, soluble in hot water and alcohol. Heat destroys its
green color in solutions; alkalies, in the presence of cold, increase
it. The leaves and the bark of the plant contain an essential oil.
The foregoing description of this species applies equally well to
the following species.
Botanical Description.--A small tree 12° high with leaves alternate,
odd-pinnate. Leaflets lanceolate, almost entire, rigid with small
dots on each surface. Flowers in axillary, very short, compound
racemes. Calyx very small, monophyllous, 5 lanceolate lobules. Corolla
much longer than the calyx, 5 lanceolate petals. Stamens 10, joined,
but not entirely united at the base; 5 alternate stamens longer than
the others. Anthers sessile, regular. Ovary superior, compressed and
borne on a disc. Style 1, same length as the stamens. Stigma thick,
depressed, apparently 4-angled. Fruit fleshy, ovoid, acute and somewhat
curved at the end enclosing a seed with coriaceous, downy testa.
_Murraya Koenigi_, Spreng. (_Bergera Koenigi_, L.; _Connarus_ sp.,
Blanco.)
Nom. Vulg.--(?)
Botanical Description.--Leaves alternate, odd-pinnate. Leaflets
obliquely ovate, acute, entire and glabrous. The testa of the seed
bears no down, and may be divided into two parts. The decoction of
the leaves of this species as well as the former is used to allay
toothache.
_Citrus acida_, F. (_C. notissima_, Blanco.)
Nom. Vulg.--_Limón_, Sp.; _Dayap_, Tag.; _Lemon_, Eng.
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