THE MEDICINE-MEN OF THE APACHE. BY JOHN G. BOURKE, _Captain, Third Cavalry, U. S. Army._ CONTENTS. Page. CHAPTER I. The medicine-men, their modes of treating disease, their superstitions, paraphernalia, etc. 451 Medicine-women 468 Remedies and modes of treatment 471 Hair and wigs 474 Mudheads 475 Scalp shirts 476 The rhombus, or bull roarer 476 The cross 479 Necklaces of human fingers 480 Necklaces of human teeth 487 The scratch stick 490 The drinking reed 493 CHAPTER II. Hoddentin, the pollen of the tule, the sacrificial powder of the Apache; with remarks upon sacred powders and offerings in general 499 The "kunque" of the Zuñi and others 507 Use of the pollen by the Israelites and Egyptians 517 Hoddentin a prehistoric food 518 Hoddentin the yiauhtli of the Aztecs 521 "Bledos" of ancient writers--its meaning 522 Tzoalli 523 General use of the powder among Indians 528 Analogues of hoddentin 530 The down of birds in ceremonial observances 533 Hair powder 535 Dust from churches--its use 537 Clay-eating 537 Prehistoric foods used in covenants 540 Sacred breads and cakes 541 Unleavened bread 543 The hot cross buns of Good Friday 544 Galena 548 CHAPTER III. The izze-kloth or medicine cord of the Apache 550 Analogues to be found among the Aztecs, Peruvians, and others 558 The magic wind-knotted cords of the Lapps and others 560 Rosaries and other mnemonic cords 561 The sacred cords of the Parsis and Brahmans 563 Use of cords and knots and girdles in parturition 570