A notable development of the war was the United States Employment Service. The Department of Labor had previously maintained an employment service in a small way under the Bureau of Immigration for the purpose of helping newly-arrived immigrants to find work. During the war this expanded into a vast organization for mobilizing the labor resources of the country. About eight hundred public employment exchanges were opened, and labor was moved from place to place as required, whether for war industries, for harvesting the crops, or for other purposes. During the year 1918 nearly two million wage-earners were placed by this service in positions for which they were qualified and in which their services were needed. After the armistice an important branch of the work consisted in finding positions for discharged soldiers. As a means of recruiting workers for the industries of the country and helping solve the problem of unemployment, this service is one of the most promising undertakings of the Government, but its future depends upon further legislation by Congress. During the last year before the war began in Europe the number of immigrants admitted to the United States was 1,218,480. The laws relating to immigration and the Chinese-exclusion laws are administered by a branch of the Department of Labor known as the Bureau of Immigration. Immigration stations are maintained at the principal seaports, where physical, mental and moral defectives, as well as persons likely to become public charges or afflicted with contagious diseases, polygamists, anarchists, contract laborers and Chinese are eliminated. The most important immigration station is at Ellis Island, in New York Harbor. The Bureau of Naturalization, besides supervising the work of the courts in naturalizing aliens, is in charge of an extensive campaign of educating and Americanizing prospective citizens. PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 7, No. 11, SERIAL No. 183 COPYRIGHT, 1919, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC. [Illustration: EQUIPMENT OF A POSTAL MOTOR TRUCK ROUTE] _THE STORY OF UNCLE SAM_ _The Postal Service_ FIVE In the year 1790 there were 75 postoffices in the United States. In 1918 there were 54,345. The number of pieces of mail handled in a year approximates twenty million. In order to operate this vast business enterprise Uncle Sam requires the services of 300,000 people.