In the annexed engraving, Fig. 19, we have shown the triple achromatic
object-glass in connection with the eye-piece consisting of the
field-glass F F, and the eye-glass E E, forming together the modern
achromatic microscope. The course of the light is shown by drawing
three rays from the centre and three from each end of the object O.
These rays would, if left to themselves, form an image of the object
at A A, but being bent and converged by the field-glass F F, they form
the image at B B, where a stop is placed to intercept all light except
what is required for the formation of the image. From B B therefore
the rays proceed to the eye-glass exactly as has been described in
reference to the simple microscope and to the compound of two glasses.
[Illustration: Fig. 19.]
If we stopped here we should convey a very imperfect idea of the
beautiful series of corrections effected by the eye-piece, and which
were first pointed out in detail in a paper on the subject published
by Mr. Varley in the 51st volume of the Transactions of the Society of
Arts. The eye-piece in question was invented by Huyghens for
telescopes, with no other view than that of diminishing the spherical
aberration by producing the refractions at two glasses instead of one,
and of increasing the field of view. It was reserved for Boscovich to
point out that Huyghens had by this arrangement accidentally corrected
a great part of the chromatic aberration, and this subject is further
investigated with much skill in two papers by Professor Airy in the
_Cambridge Philosophical Transactions_, to which we refer the
mathematical reader. These investigations apply chiefly to the
telescope, where the small pencils of light and great distance of the
object exclude considerations which become important in the
microscope, and which are well pointed out in Mr. Varley’s paper
before mentioned.
[Illustration: Fig. 20.]
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