The Microscope. Its History, Construction, and Application 15th ed.: Being a familiar introduction to the use of the instrument, and the study of microscopical scienceHogg, Jabez
History
The Microscope. Its History, Construction, and Application 15th ed.: Being a familiar introduction to the use of the instrument, and the study of microscopical science
Hogg, Jabez
Microscopy; Natural history
A convenient appendage to the microscope is the rotating nose-piece,
invented by Mr. Charles Brooke, F.R.S., and intended to carry two or
more objectives, whereby a saving of time is effected, and the trouble
of repeatedly screwing and unscrewing is avoided. In the application of
the nose-piece attention should be given to centring. Messrs. Baker’s
objective changer is intended to facilitate the placing and replacing
the nose-piece in position. This adaptation consists of a milled head,
acting on three jaws, having a universal screw thread, a decided
improvement on the screw. Zeiss has adopted a tube-sliding objective
changer with centring adjustments. Messrs. Watson met the difficulty
of centring by making the nose-piece a part of the body-tube of their
microscopes (Fig. 163). This, when adapted to the shorter body of the
students’ microscope, fully compensates for want of length.
[Illustration: Fig. 163.--Watson’s Centring Nose-piece of Microscope.]
Their triple nose-piece is constructed with much care, and when in use
is found very effective. It is manufactured of that very light metal
aluminium, and which minimises the strain produced by the heavier brass
nose-piece.
_Finders._--The finder affords a necessary and useful means of
registering the position of any particular object, so that it may
be readily found again at any subsequent period. In the work of
examination the finder will save time when making a special research,
extending over a considerable surface.
[Illustration: Fig. 164.--Triple Nose-pieces.]
That the finder has been of use may be surmised from the number
invented and figured in the “Journal of the Royal Microscopical
Society.” By far the most useful form is that of graduating the plates
of the mechanical stage, dividing a certain portion into 100 parts.
Powell and Lealand have adopted this system in their No. 1 stands,
while Baker and Watson have added a graduated scale on silver to
1/100th mm. as a finder, and also a stage micrometer in 1/10th and
1/100th of a millimetre, together with a Maltwood finder for lodging
the position of any desired portion of a specimen under examination.
The _Maltwood_ finder (Fig. 165) can be used with any microscope, and
without a mechanical stage. This useful finder continues to occupy a
permanent place among the accessories of the microscope. It consists
of a glass slide, 3 × 1-1/4 inches, on which is photographed a scale
occupying a square inch; this is divided by horizontal and vertical
lines into 2,500 squares, each of which contains two numbers marking
its “latitude,” or place in the vertical series, and its “longitude,”
or place in the horizontal series. The scale is in each instance an
exact distance from the bottom and left-hand end of the glass slide;
and the slide, when in use, should rest upon the ledge of the stage of
the microscope, and be made to abut against a stop, a simple pin, about
an inch and a half from the centre of the stage.
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