[36] Compare the _Annales de la Foi_, Tome X., p. 100, for interesting details concerning the Romish missionaries in Peking. Also Pauthier’s _Chine Moderne_, pp. 8-36 (Paris, 1852), containing an excellent map. Bretschneider’s _Archeological and Historical Researches on Peking_, etc., published in the _Chinese Recorder_, Vol. VI. (1875, passim). _Mémoires concernant l’Histoire, les Sciences, les Arts, les Moeurs, les Usages, etc., des Chinois, par les Missionnaires de Pekin_; 16 vols., Paris, 1797-1814. N. B. Dennys, _Notes for Tourists in the North of China_; Hongkong, 1866. [37] _Journal of Lord Amherst’s Embassy to China_, 2d ed., p. 22. London, 1840. [38] _Travels of the Russian Mission through Mongolia to China_, Vol. I., p. 293. London, 1827. [39] Williamson, _Journeys in North China_, Vol. II., p. 90. [40] _Journal of the Roy. Geog. Soc._, 1874. Yule’s _Marco Polo_, Vol. I., pp. 263-268. _Cathay and the Way Thither_, Vol. I., p. 134. Gerbillon, _Mémoires concernant les Chinois_ (Astley’s ed.), Vol. IV., pp. 701-716. _Journal Asiatique_, Ser. II., Tome XI., p. 345. Huc, _Tartary, etc._, Vol. I., p. 34, 2d ed., London. [41] Sir G. L. Staunton, _Account of an Embassy from the King of Great Britain to the Emperor of China_. 2 vols. Lond., 1796. [42] _Annales de la Foi_, 1844, Tome XVI., p. 421. [43] _Sketches of China_, Vol. I., p. 257. [44] _Chinese Repository_, Vol. IV., pp. 308-335. W. H. Medhurst’s _China_, chaps. xv.-xix. [45] Richthofen, _China_. Band I. S. 68. Rev. Arthur Smith, _Glimpses of Travel in the Middle Kingdom_. Shanghai, 1875. [46] The curious reader can consult the article by Mayer, in Vol. XII. of the _North China Branch Royal Asiatic Society’s Journal_, 1878, for the meaning of these various objects. [47] _Five Years in China_, Nashville, Tenn., 1860. See also _Voyages of the Nemesis_, pp. 450-452, for further details of this city in 1842; the _Chinese Repository_, Vols. I., p. 257, and XIII., p. 261, contain more details on the Pagoda. [48] _Travels in China._ [49] Capt. G. G. Loch, _Events in China_, p. 74. [50] Mentioned by Marco Polo. Yule’s edition, Vol. II., p. 137. [51] Fortune’s _Wanderings in China_, p. 120. [52] Davis’s _Sketches_, Vol. II., p. 55. [53] See _Chinese Repository_, Vol. IV., p. 488; _Journal of N. C. Br. R. A. Society_, Vol. VI., pp. 123-128; and _Chinese Recorder_, Vol. I., 1869, pp. 241-248. These people are relics of tribes of Miaotsz’. [54] Yule’s _Marco Polo_, Vol. II., p. 145. [55] _Travels in China_, p. 522. [56] Yule’s _Marco Polo_, Vol. II., p. 146. [57] De Guignes, _Voyages à Peking_, Vol. II., pp. 65-77. [58] Compare R. M. Martin’s _China_ (Vol. II., p. 304), who gives considerable miscellaneous information about the open ports, previous to 1846; also Dennys’ _Treaty Ports of China_, 1867, pp. 326-349; Richthofen’s _Letters_, No. 5, 1871; Yule’s _Marco Polo_, Vol. II., p. 181; _Missionary Recorder_, 1869, pp. 156, 177.