The Middle Kingdom, Volume 1 (of 2): A Survey of the Geography, Government, Literature, Social Life, Arts, and History of the Chinese Empire and its InhabitantsWilliams, S. Wells (Samuel Wells)
History
The Middle Kingdom, Volume 1 (of 2): A Survey of the Geography, Government, Literature, Social Life, Arts, and History of the Chinese Empire and its Inhabitants
Williams, S. Wells (Samuel Wells)
China
In Tibet, as in Butan, the custom of polyandry prevails. The choice of
a wife lies with the eldest son, who having made known his intentions
to his parents sends a matchmaker to propose the matter to the parents
of the girl. The consent of the parents being obtained, the matchmaker
places an ornament of a jewel set in gold, called _sedzia_ upon the
head of the damsel, and gives her presents of jewels, dresses, cattle,
etc., according to the means of the young man. The guests invited on
the day of the marriage bring presents of such things as they choose,
which augments the dowry. A tent is set up before the bride’s house, in
which are placed three or four square cushions, and the ground around
sprinkled with wheat; the bride is seated on the highest cushion, her
parents and friends standing near her according to their rank, and the
assembled party there partake of a feast. The bride is then conducted
to the house of her lover by the friends present, her person being
sprinkled with wheat or barley as she goes along, and there placed by
his side, and both of them served with tea and spirits. Soon after,
the groom seats himself apart, and every one present gives a scarf,
those of superior rank binding them around their necks, equals and
inferiors laying them by their sides. The next day, a procession is
formed of the relatives of the newly married pair, which visits all
the friends, and the marriage is completed. The girl thus becomes the
wife of all the brothers, and manages the domestic concerns of their
household. The number of her husbands is sometimes indicated by as many
points in her cap. This custom is strengthened by the desire, on the
part of the family, to keep the property intact among its members; but
it does not prevent one of the husbands leaving the roof and marrying
another woman, nor is the usage universal. Rémusat speaks of a novel
in Tibetan, in which the author admirably portrays the love of his
heroine, Triharticha, for her four lovers, and brings their marriage in
at the end in the happiest manner.
The dwellings of the poor are built of unhewn stones, rudely piled
upon each other without cement, two stories high, and resembling
brick-kilns in shape and size; the windows are small, in order not
to weaken the structure; the roof is flat, defended by a brushwood
parapet, and protected from the molestation of evil spirits by flags,
strips of paper tied to strings, or branches of trees. Timber is
costly and little used; the floors are of marble or tiles, and the
furniture consists of little else than mats and cushions. The temples
and convents are more imposing and commodious structures; some of those
at H’lassa are among the noblest specimens of architecture in Central
Asia.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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