The Middle Kingdom, Volume 1 (of 2): A Survey of the Geography, Government, Literature, Social Life, Arts, and History of the Chinese Empire and its InhabitantsWilliams, S. Wells (Samuel Wells)
History
The Middle Kingdom, Volume 1 (of 2): A Survey of the Geography, Government, Literature, Social Life, Arts, and History of the Chinese Empire and its Inhabitants
Williams, S. Wells (Samuel Wells)
China
The mausoleum of the Teshu-lama at Teshu Lumbu resembles a plain square
watch-tower surmounted by a double Chinese canopy roof, the eaves of
which are hung with bells, on which the breeze plays a ceaseless dirge.
The body of the lama reposes in a coffin of gold, and his effigy, also
of gold, is placed within the concavity of a large shell upon the top
of the pyramidal structure which contains it. The sides of the pyramid
are silver plates, and on the steps are deposited the jewels and other
costly articles which once appertained to him. An altar in front
receives the oblations and incense daily presented before the tomb,
and near by is a second statue of the deceased as large as life in the
attitude of reading. Scrolls and pennons of silk hang from the ceiling,
and the walls are adorned with paintings of priests engaged in prayer.
The whole structure is substantially built, and its rich ornaments are
placed there not less for security than to do honor to the revered
person deposited beneath. The windows are closed with mohair curtains,
and a skylight in the upper story serves for lighting the room, and
for passing out upon the roof. The roof or parapet is ornamented with
cylinders of copper or other materials, which imparts a brilliant
appearance to the edifices.
~COMMERCE AND LANGUAGE OF TIBET.~
The manufactures of Tibet consist of woollens, cloth, blankets, yarn,
goat-hair shawls, musk, paper, metals, and jewelry. Their lapidaries
cut every kind of ornament in superior style, and gold and silverware
forms a considerable article of trade to China. These and other crafts
must necessarily languish, however, from the immense proportion of men
who are withdrawn from labor into monasteries, compelling the residue
to devote most of their strength to tillage. The most important exports
to China consist of gold dust, precious stones, bezoars, asafœtida,
musk, woollens, and skins; for which the people receive silks, teas,
chinaware, tobacco, musical instruments, and metals. The trade is
carried on through Síning fu in Kansuh, and Batang in Sz’chuen.
Tincal, rock-salt, and shawl wool, are additional articles sent to
Ladak, Butan, and India.
Music is studied by the priesthood for their ceremonies, and with much
better effect than among the Chinese priests. Their amusements consist
in archery, dancing, and observance of many festivals connected with
the worship of the dead or of the living. Dram-drinking is common, but
the people cannot be called a drunken race, nor does the habit of opium
eating or smoking, so fatally general in Assam, prevail, inasmuch as
the poppy cannot well be cultivated among the mountains.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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