[96] _Voyage Down the Amur_, by Perry McD. Collins, in 1857. New York, 1860, chaps. xxxii.-lx., passim. Ravenstein’s _Amur_. _Chinese Repository_, Vol. XIX., p. 289. Rev. A. Williamson, _Journeys in North China_, Vol. II., chaps. x.-xiii. [97] _The Chinese and their Rebellions._ London, 1856. [98] Also called _Yenden_; Klaproth, _Mémoires_, Tome I., p. 446. Rémusat informs us that this name formerly included all of Kirin, or that which was placed under it. [99] _Voyages Along the Coast of China._ New York, 1833. [100] _Annales de la Foi_, Tome XVIII., 1846, p. 302. [101] _Annales de la Foi_, Tome XVI., p. 359. [102] The inhabitants of ancient Gedrosia, now Beloochistan, are said to have clothed themselves in fish-skins. Heeren, _Historical Researches among Asiatic Nations_, Vol. I., p. 175. [103] Rev. Alex. Williamson, _Travels in Northern China_. London, 1870. Vol. II., Chaps. I. to XIV.; _Chinese Repository_, Vols. IV., p. 57; XV., p. 454; _Chinese Recorder_, Vol. VII., 1876, “The Rise and Progress of the Manjows,” by J. Ross, pp. 155, 235, and 315. [104] Compare Niebuhr’s _History of Rome_, Vol. II, Sect. “Of the Colonies,” where can be observed the essential differences between Roman settlements abroad and those of the Chinese; and still greater differences will be found in contrasting these with the offsets of Grecian States. [105] Abulgasi-Bayadur-chan (_Histoire Genéalogique des Tatars, traduite du Manuscript Tartare_; Leyde: 1726), gives another derivation for these two names. “Alänzä-chan eut deux fils jumeaux l’un appelle Tatar and l’autre Mogull ou pour bien dire Mung’l, entre les quels il partagea ses Estates lorsqu’il se vit sur la fin de sa vie.” It is the first prince, he adds, from whom came the name _Tartar_--not from a river called Tata, as some have stated--while of the second: “Le terme Mung’l a esté changé par une corruption generale en Mogull; _Mung veut dire triste ou un homme triste_, et parceque ce prince estoit naturellement d’une humeur fort triste, il porta ce nom dans la verité”--(pp. 27-29). But Visdelon (D’Herbelot, ed. 1778, Tome IV., p. 327) shows more acquaintance with their history in producing proofs that the name _Tatar_ was applied in the eighth century by the Chinese to certain tribes living north of the Ín shan, Ala shan, and River Liau. In the dissensions following upon the ruin of the Tang dynasty, some of them migrated eastwards beyond the Songari, and there in time rallied to subdue the northern provinces, under the name of _Nu-chih_. These are the ancestors of the Manchus. Another fraction went north to the marshy banks of Lakes Hurun and Puyur, where they received the name of _Moungul Tahtsz’_, _i.e._, Marsh Tatars. This tribe and name it was that the warlike Genghis afterwards made conspicuous. The sound _Mogul_ used in India is a dialectal variation. [106] _Abulgasi_ (p. 83) furnishes a notice of these _aimaks_ and their origin. [107] _Mémoires_, Tome I., p. 2.