Rail, 3, 11, 12. Carolina, 59. Raven, 15. Redhead, 42, 47, 65. Redpoll, 8. Redstart, 11, 38, 52. Residents, movements of, 62. Rhodostethia rosea, 52. Richmondena cardinalis, 27. Riparia riparia, 44. Rissa brevirostris, 52. Robin, 6, 18, 19, 20, 26, 28, 45, 52, 57. Routes, 33. Arctic, 52. Atlantic coast, 42. Atlantic oceanic, 39. evolution of, 52. Great Lakes, 45. Mackenzie Valley, 45. Mississippi Valley, 45. narrow, 34. Pacific coast, 47. Pacific oceanic, 49. wide, 34. Rowan, William, 7. Salmon, 24. Salpinctes obsoletus, 29. Sanderling, 23. Sandpiper, 12, 23. Bartramian, 11. purple, 34. Sapsucker, Williamson's, 55. Scaup, 42. Scoter, 48, 49. white-winged, 43, 49 Segregation, 25. Seiurus noveboracensis, 52. Setophaga ruticilla, 11, 38. Shore bird, 6, 11, 26, 27, 31, 34, 39, 40, 45, 46. Shoveler, 43. Shrike, 15, 27. loggerhead, 29. Sialia sialis, 6. Sitta canadensis, 5. carolinensis, 5. Snipe, 12. Wilson's, 30. Snowbird, 7. Somateria, 52. Sora, 59. Sparrow, 11, 25, 26, 27, 45, 57, 58. chipping, 30. eastern chipping, 52. eastern fox, 28. field, 29. Harris's, 34, 35, 36. Ipswich, 34. song, 26, 27, 28. sooty fox, 28. swamp, 57. tree, 27, 30, 57. vesper, 30. white-throated, 57, 63. Spatula clypeata, 43. Species, movements of, 8. Speed, flight, 13. migration, 13. Sphyrapicus thyroideus, 55. Spizella arborea, 27. passerina, 30. passerina passerina, 52. pusilla, 29. Starling, 3. Stercorarius parasiticus, 52. Sterna forsteri, 31. fuscata, 24. hirundo, 31. paradisaea, 31. Stork, 2, 3, 4, 23. Storms, 56. Sturnella, 27. Swallow, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 13, 22, 26, 27, 46. bank, 44. barn, 15, 30, 45. cliff, 13, 22, 30. hibernating, 3. Swan, 3. Swift, 4, 12, 15, 27. chimney, 4, 26. Tanager, 45, 49. scarlet, 26, 36. western, 49. Teal, 43. blue-winged, 42, 43. Telmatodytes palustris, 27. Tern, 25. arctic, 31, 33, 51, 52. common, 31. Forster's, 31. noddy, 24. sooty, 24. Theories of migration, 5. Thrush, 3, 11, 15, 25, 30, 45, 58. American hermit, 15. gray-cheeked, 17, 44. hermit, 57. wood, 45. Thryothorus ludovicianus, 27. Titlark, 55. Titmouse, 27. tufted, 62. Turdus migratorius, 6. migratorius achrusterus, 28. migraiorius migratorius, 28. Turtle, 4. Tyrannus tyrannus, 34. Vagrant migration, 55. Vanellus vanellus, 23. Vermivora chrysoptera, 46. Vertical migration, 55. Vireo, 11, 44, 57, 58. red-eyed, 52. Vireo olivaceus, 52. Vulture, 22. turkey, 27.