At eleven and a half months a great advance. The child is now much out of doors, and enjoys seeing horses, cows, hens, and ducks. When he sees the hens he says _gog, gog_, and even utters some croaking sounds. He can also imitate at once the sound _prrr_ when it is pronounced to him. If _papa_ is pronounced for him (he has lost this word), he responds regularly _wawa_ or _wawawa_. I have only once heard _wauwau_ from him. If he hears anybody cough, he immediately gives a little imitative cough in fun (vol. i, p. 288), and this sounds very comical. He makes much use of _od_, _aedo_, and _aed_, and this also when he sees pictures. When the boy had reached the age of a year, he was weaned; from that time his mental development was very rapid. If any one sings to him gi ga gack, he responds invariably _gack_. He begins to adapt sounds to objects: imitation of sound is the chief basis of this adaptation. He calls the ducks with _gaek, gaek_, and imitates the cock, after a fashion, names the dog _aua_ (this he got from his nurse), not only when he sees the animal, but also when he hears him bark. E. g., the child is playing busily with pasteboard boxes; the dog begins to bark outside of the house; the child listens and says _aua_. I roll his little carriage back and forth; he immediately says _brrr_, pointing to it with his hand; he wants to ride, and I have to put him in (he had heard _burra_, as a name for riding, from his nurse). When he sees a horse, he says _prr_ (this has likewise been said for him). I remark here that the notion that the child thinks out its own language--a notion I have often met with, held by people not well informed in regard to this matter--rests on defective observation. The child has part of his language given to him by others; part is the result of his own sound-imitations--of animals, e. g.--and part rests on mutilations of our language. At the beginning of the thirteenth month he suddenly names all objects and pictures, for some days, _dodo_, _toto_, which takes the place of his former _oe_; then he calls them _niana_, which he heard frequently, as it means "nurse" in Russian. Everything now is called _niana_: _dirr_ continues to be the sign of extreme discomfort. _Papba_ is no more said, ever; on the other hand, _mamma_ appears for the first time, but without any significance, still less with any application to the mother. The word _niana_ becomes now the expression of desire, whether of his food or of going to somebody or somewhere. Sometimes, also, under the same circumstances, he cries _maemmae_ and _mamma_; the dog is now decidedly called _aua_, the horse _prr_.