The baboons are characteristically fierce and aggressive, and in a wild state they live in troops, or even in herds of hundreds. Being armed with powerful canine teeth and wolf-like jaws, they are formidable antagonists, and other animals do not dare to attack them. It is because of their natural weapons, their readiness to fight like fiends, and their combined agility and strength that the baboons have been able to live on the ground and survive and flourish in lands literally reeking with lions, leopards, hyenas and wild dogs. The awful canine teeth of an old male baboon are quite as dangerous as those of any leopard, and even the leopard's onslaught is less to be feared than the wild rage of an adult baboon. In the Transvaal and Rhodesia, it is a common occurrence for an ambitious dog to go after a troop of baboons and never return. Temperamentally the commoner groups of monkeys are thus characterized: The rhesus monkeys of India are nervous, irritable and dangerous. The green monkeys of Africa are sanguine, but savage and treacherous. The langur monkeys of India are sanguine and peace-loving. The macaques of the Far East vary from the sanguine temperament to the combative. The gibbons vary from sanguine to combative. The lemurs of Madagascar are sanguine, affectionate and peaceful. Nearly all South American monkeys are sanguine, and peace-loving, and many are affectionate. The species of the group of Carnivora are too numerous and too diversified to be treated with any approach to completeness. However, to illustrate this subject the leading species will be noticed. TEMPERAMENTS OF THE LARGE CARNIVORES The lion is sanguine, courageous, confident, reposeful and very reliable. The tiger is nervous, suspicious, treacherous and uncertain. The black and common leopards are nervous and combative, irreconcilable and dangerous. The snow leopard is sanguine, optimistic and peace-loving. The puma is sanguine, good natured, quiet and peaceful. The wolves are sanguine, crafty, dangerous and cruel. The foxes are hysterical, timid and full of senseless fear. The lynxes are sanguine, philosophic, and peaceful. The mustelines are either nervous or hysterical, courageous, savage, and even murderous. The bears are so very interesting that it is well worth while to consider the leading species separately. Possibly our conclusions will reveal some unsuspected conditions. BEAR TEMPERAMENTS, BY SPECIES. The polar bears are sanguine, but in captivity they are courageous, treacherous and dangerous. The Alaskan brown bears in captivity are sanguine, courageous, peaceful and reliable, but in the wilds they are aggressive and dangerous. The grizzlies are nervous, keen, cautious, and seldom wantonly aggressive. The European brown bears are sanguine, optimistic and good- natured. The American black bears are sanguine and quiet, but very treacherous. The sloth bears of India are nervous or hysterical, and uncertain.