Great Britain -- History -- Henry III, 1216-1272; Henry III, King of England, 1207-1272
Two other matters came up for settlement at the Michaelmas session
of the barons of the Exchequer and the justices at Westminster. One
of these was a complaint of the Earl Marshal against the Prince of
Wales. Llywelyn’s promise, or alleged promise, that the wrongs done
by him to the Earl and the other Marcher-lords should be righted by
Lammas Day[732] was not fulfilled; indeed, the truce made in May on the
strength of that promise seems to have been broken as soon as Llywelyn
returned from Shrewsbury to his own country. He asserted that the men
of Pembroke refused to confirm the truce, called in help from Ireland
against him, and harassed the Welsh to such a degree that at last he
was obliged to bid his nephews and his other followers withdraw from
the borders of Pembrokeshire to a safer place.[733] The Marshal, on the
other hand, declared that the Welsh Prince “in no wise kept the terms
of the peace, but brought the King’s dignity into contempt, spurning
his own promises and acting quite contrary to them.” The Marshal
complained to the King at Oxford, and was promised satisfaction--so far
as the King could give it--in London on the morrow of S. Michael.[734]
On 21st August the sheriffs of Gloucester, Hereford, and Worcestershire
were ordered to be in readiness to help, with all the forces of those
three shires, whichever of the King’s liegemen they should find to
be the object of an attack for which Llywelyn was reported to be
collecting his forces.[735] It was, however, not against any place
on the border, but against “the Flemings of Rhos and Pembroke” that
Llywelyn, with “most of the princes of Wales” and “a vast army,”
marched on 29th August. He took by assault and burned the castles of
Arberth and Gwys, burned the town of Haverford “to the castle-gate”;
“and thus he went round Rhos and Deugleddyv in five days, making vast
slaughter of the people of the country. And after making a truce
with the Flemings until the kalends of May, he returned back happy
and joyful.”[736] The terms of this truce were humiliating in the
extreme; the men of Pembroke promised that they would give Llywelyn a
hundred pounds, that they would not restore the castles which he had
destroyed, and that they would give him a portion of the Earl’s land
“to keep as on behalf of the King.” All these conditions, however, were
to be subject to confirmation by the King. They seem to have been in
fact extorted by means of a false representation on Llywelyn’s part
that his invasion of the Earl’s lands was sanctioned and supported
by the authority of the English Crown.[737] For the honour of that
authority itself, no less than for his own sake, the Marshal besought
the King and his Council to quash the truce, disavow all complicity
in Llywelyn’s raid, and give judgement in favour of himself, at the
time previously appointed, on his former complaint against the Welsh
prince.[738] The judgement was probably given accordingly; on 5th
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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