Great Britain -- History -- Henry III, 1216-1272; Henry III, King of England, 1207-1272
Early in 1217 the Earl Marshal wrote in the young King’s name to
Reginald de Breuse, urging him to return to his allegiance and
promising that if he did so, the whole of his patrimony should be
restored to him.[443] Reginald however continued obstinate till the
Royalist victory at Lincoln. Then he, like many others, seems to have
realized that the tide had turned, and that it was time for him to turn
likewise. Before Midsummer he had submitted, and he was soon reinstated
in the Irish and English possessions of his father.[444] His Welsh
kinsfolk promptly punished his desertion of their party; Rhys and Owen
wrested from him “the whole of Builth except the castles”; Llywelyn
marched upon Brecknock. Reginald however succeeded in patching up some
kind of peace with his father-in-law, who thereupon turned his arms
against the Flemings of Pembrokeshire, and compelled {Sept.} them all
to promise him tribute and submission.[445]
[Sidenote: 1217]
To Llywelyn, as to King Alexander, the treaty of Kingston was duly
notified by Louis.[446] The new Bishop of Hereford and the Bishop
of Coventry were, it seems, empowered by the Legate to receive
the submission of all the Welsh princes and absolve them from
excommunication at Hereford on 18th November; when this was done,
Hugh de Mortimer[447] and some other barons were to escort them to
Northampton for a meeting with the King.[448] Henry and the Marshal
were at Northampton on 17th and 18th December;[449] but evidently
the Welsh princes did not come. It may have been to keep guard on
the Welsh border that the Marshal took his young sovereign to keep
Christmas at Gloucester,[450] and lingered with him in the west of
England throughout the first four months of the new year {1218}. In
February, 1218, a safe-conduct was issued to Llywelyn that he might
come and do homage to the King at Worcester.[451] No date is fixed in
the letter, and no record of the homage appears to exist; but there can
be no doubt that it was performed at the appointed place on or before
17th March, for on that day, at Worcester, the castles of Cardigan and
Caermarthen with the lands appertaining to them were committed by the
King and his council to his “beloved brother-in-law Llywelyn, Prince of
North Wales,” that he might hold them till the King’s coming of age,
maintaining them out of their own revenues, and administering justice
within their territories in the King’s name.[452]
[Sidenote: 1218]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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