Great Britain -- History -- Henry III, 1216-1272; Henry III, King of England, 1207-1272
Exchequer, “forasmuch as the King wills that nothing be done without
his assent.”[468]
The position of the Justiciar of the Irish March at this time was very
much more independent than that of the Chief Justiciar of England. The
Justiciar in Ireland seems to have practically had the entire control
of the whole machinery of government, administration, and finance,
throughout the King’s Irish domains. The revenues due to the Crown,
whether derived from demesne lands, or from taxes, or tolls, or from
the proceeds of escheats, fines, wardships, reliefs, and the like, seem
to have all passed through his hands. The fixed revenue of the Crown
lands was assigned to him for the necessary expenses of government and
for maintaining the defence of the land and the garrisons of the royal
castles, and in remuneration of his own services; the residue he was
supposed to pay into the Exchequer in Dublin, for transmission to the
King when required. Moreover, it seems to have been he who appointed
the wardens of the King’s castles throughout the March.[469] Such a
system offered facilities for almost unlimited embezzlement on the part
of a dishonest Justiciar, or mismanagement and waste on the part of an
incompetent one; while it left to the English government scarcely any
means of proving a charge of either dishonesty or incompetence against
an officer at once so remote and invested with so much independent
authority. It seems clear that the reports, and the results, of
Geoffrey’s financial administration which reached England were not
satisfactory to the regent, and that the Archbishop of Dublin was
really sent not so much to “assist” the Justiciar as to hold him in
check and keep a watch on his proceedings. Eight months later Geoffrey
had to be reprimanded[470] for not having yet executed a royal order
issued on Midsummer day for the restoration of Limerick to Reginald de
Breuse[471]; and on 12th February, 1218, a long letter of remonstrance
was written to him in the King’s name. He had been bidden to come over
and do his homage, and certify the King as to the state of the Crown’s
Irish lands; the King is “greatly surprised” that he has not yet come,
and again bids him come without fail before Easter next, and bring with
him all the money that the King’s subjects and bailiffs in Ireland can
be induced to furnish, for the payment of the debt to Louis, and of six
hundred marks owed to the Pope, being two years’ arrears of the tribute
due to him from Ireland.[472] Whether Geoffrey sent any money does not
appear; he certainly did not come over in person; probably, however, he
made some excuse which gave the Marshal no grounds for questioning his
loyalty, for his homage was left in abeyance till after the Marshal’s
death.
[Sidenote: 1218]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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