=============+======+=====================+======= | | Market price | | Yield+------+-----+--------+ Value | per | per | per | per | per Product | cent | ton | gal.| lb. | head -------------+------+------+-----+--------+------- Skulls | 4.079|$18.00| ... | ... |$0.0367 Jaws | 2.289| 18.00| ... | ... | .0206 Knuckles | 2.641| 18.00| ... | ... | .0237 Hoofs | 1.744| 22.00| ... | ... | .0191 Hoofs, white | .147| 50.00| ... | ... | .0036 Piths | .456| 21.00| ... | ... | .0047 Round shins | 1.198| 42.00| ... | ... | .0251 Flat shins | .956| 30.00| ... | ... | .0143 Horns | .518|200.00| ... | ... | .0518 Neatsfoot oil| 1.061| ... |$0.64| ... | .0905 Cheeks | 3.580| ... | ... |$0.03 | .1074 Head meat | .698| ... | ... | .03 | .0294 Fine meat | 1.072| ... | ... | .03 | .0321 Sinews | 1.899| 19.00| ... | ... | .0180 Tallow | 1.730| ... | ... | .06³⁄₄| .1167 Tankage | 1.160| 16.00| ... | ... | .0092 Brains | .650| ... | ... | .02¹⁄₄| .0146 Head oil | 1.068| ... | ... | .06³⁄₄| .0726 -------------+------+------+-----+--------+------- Total value| ... | ... | ... | ... |$0.6901 -------------+------+------+-----+--------+------- =Blades and Ribs.=--Where cutting and shipping cattle is done in profusion there are many small bones resulting. If hard bone is being made these bones are cooked in open vat from six to eight hours. Cellular bones are usually cracked so as to make for free extraction of oil. =Drying.=--Two systems of drying are used in the bone department. The open air system for horns, selected white and striped hoof for manufacturing, shin bones, buttock bones, and those sold for manufacturing purposes; the coil, or room, drying principle, for grinding bone. The latter, crushed bone, is sold to glue makers and grinders. The usual method of handling the latter style of drying is to make platform coils or grids of 1¹⁄₄-inch pipe of an area convenient, as ten by sixteen feet, or units convenient to the space. These are in multiple and arranged to be accessible from two or more sides for convenience in filling and removing bones. The grids should be placed twelve or fifteen inches above the floor to permit cleaning underneath. The pipes or grids are usually substantially supported to carry the weight placed upon them. A wire screen of No. 5 screen 1¹⁄₄-inch mesh is a convenience to prevent bones dropping through. The bones are piled upon the grids to dry, when they are then transferred to storage rooms.