The modern packing house : $b A complete treatise on the design, construction, equipment and operation of meat packing houses, according to present American praactice, including methods of converting by-products into commercial articlesWilder, F. W. (Fred William)
History
The modern packing house : $b A complete treatise on the design, construction, equipment and operation of meat packing houses, according to present American praactice, including methods of converting by-products into commercial articles
Wilder, F. W. (Fred William)
Packing-houses
=Smoking.=--After the meats are washed and hung in the smoke house,
they should be allowed to dry about three hours, or until they stop
dripping, for if the smoke is applied while the meats are still
dripping, wherever one piece of meat is subjected to the dripping of
another, the smoke fails to take effect, giving the meats a striped and
discolored appearance. The meat, thoroughly dry, fire should be built
in the smoke house with either hickory, maple or oak wood (partially
green being preferred) and the temperature brought up from 112° to 118°
F., and maintained until the surface of the meat has become thoroughly
dried and has a partially glazed appearance. As soon as this effect is
noticed, which will be in five to eight hours, hardwood sawdust should
be added, which will form a dense, penetrating smoke. At the same time
the temperature should be gradually increased in the smoke house, or
brought up to from 115° to 120° F.
A pile of sawdust, quantity depending upon the size of the smoke
house used, should be raised in the center of the house and a few
burning brands of wood laid around it. These will cause the sawdust to
ignite and a small fire, producing a great deal of smoke, will result
therefrom. If the sawdust is put on a fire already burning much of the
sawdust will go up through the house in the form of a light ash, which
is deposited upon the meat, injuring its appearance.
A house of sweet-pickle meats should be smoked for about twenty-four
to thirty hours, to get good results, and be allowed to stand for
twelve hours with the ventilators open, to give the meat a chance to
thoroughly cool off before discharging.
=Gas Smoking.=--The growing scarcity and consequent increased cost of
wood is forcing many packers to use gas and sawdust for smoking. With
this system the use of sawdust and gas is made in combination, the
gas being burned by slow delivery through a perforated pipe, and the
sawdust banked nearby to burn with a creeping fire. The use of steam
coils for heating the house is a valuable assistance particularly if
exhaust steam is available for use.
=Temperatures.=--The following temperatures will be found to give very
satisfactory results in smoking and while it will be found impossible
to adhere to them absolutely, it is advisable to do so as closely as
possible during the smoking period:
3 hours in smoke 107° F.
6 hours in smoke 114° F.
9 hours in smoke 116° F.
12 hours in smoke 118° F.
15 hours in smoke 119° F.
18 hours in smoke 118° F.
21 hours in smoke 120° F.
24 hours in smoke 118° F.
27 hours in smoke 119° F.
30 hours in smoke 115° F.
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