Produced by Bryan Ness and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries.) THE MODERN WOMAN'S RIGHTS MOVEMENT THE MACMILLAN COMPANY NEW YORK · BOSTON · CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO MACMILLAN & CO., LIMITED LONDON · BOMBAY · CALCUTTA MELBOURNE THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, LTD. TORONTO THE MODERN WOMAN'S RIGHTS MOVEMENT _A HISTORICAL SURVEY_ BY DR. KAETHE SCHIRMACHER TRANSLATED FROM THE SECOND GERMAN EDITION BY CARL CONRAD ECKHARDT, PH.D. INSTRUCTOR IN HISTORY, UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO New York THE MACMILLAN COMPANY 1912 _All rights reserved_ COPYRIGHT, 1912, BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. Set up and electrotyped. Published January, 1912. Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A. "Unterdrückung ist gegen die menschliche Natur" "Oppression is opposed to human nature" TRANSLATOR'S NOTE Hitherto there has been no English book giving a history of the woman's rights movement in all countries of the world. English and American readers will therefore welcome the appearance of an English edition of Dr. Schirmacher's "Die moderne Frauenbewegung." Since Dr. Schirmacher is a German woman's rights advocate, actively engaged in propaganda, her book is not merely a history, but a political pamphlet as well. Although the reader may at times disagree with the authoress, he will be interested in her point of view. In the chapter on the United States I have added, with Dr. Schirmacher's consent, a number of translator's footnotes, showing what bearings the elections of November, 1910, and October, 1911, have had on the woman's rights question. An index, also, has been added. BOULDER, COLORADO, November, 1911. PREFACE The first edition of this book appeared in 1905. That edition is exhausted,--an evidence of the great present-day interest in the woman's rights movement. This new edition takes into account the developments since 1905, contains the recent statistical data, and gives an account of the woman's suffrage movement which has been especially characteristic of these later years. Wherever the statistical data have been left unchanged, either there have been no new censuses or the new results were not available. The facts contained in this volume do not require of me any prefatory observations on the theoretical justification of the woman's rights movement.[1] From the remotest time man has tried to rule her who ought to be comrade and colleague to him. By virtue of the law of might he generally succeeded. Every protest against this law of might was a "woman's rights movement."