The chief doctrine maintained by Heraclides Ponticus is that there are three modes ([Greek: harmoniai]), belonging to the three Greek races--Dorian, Aeolian, Ionian. The Phrygian and Lydian, in his view, had no right to the name of mode or 'harmony' ([Greek: oud' harmonian phêsi dein kaleisthai tên Phrygion, kathaper oude tên Lydion]). The three which he recognized had each a marked ethos. The Dorian reflected the military traditions and temper of Sparta. The Aeolian, which Heraclides identified with the Hypo-dorian of his own time, answered to the national character of the Thessalians, which was bold and gay, somewhat overweening and self-indulgent, but hospitable and chivalrous. Some said that it was called Hypo-dorian because it was below the Dorian on the [Greek: aulos] or flute; but Heraclides thinks that the name merely expressed likeness to the Dorian character ([Greek: Dôrion men autên ou nomizein, prosempherê de pôs ekeinê]). The Ionian, again, was harsh and severe, expressive of the unkindly disposition fostered amid the pride and material welfare of Miletus. Heraclides is inclined to say that it was not properly a distinct musical scale or 'harmony,' but a strange aberration in the form of the musical scale ([Greek: tropon de tina thaumaston schêmatos harmonias]). He goes on to protest against those who do not appreciate differences of kind ([Greek: tas kat' eidos diaphoras]), and are guided only by the high or low pitch of the notes ([Greek: tê tôn phthongôn exytêti kai barytêti]); so that they make a Hyper-mixolydian, and another again above that. 'I do not see,' he adds, 'that the Hyper-phrygian has a distinct ethos; and yet some say that they have discovered a new mode ([Greek: harmonia]), the Hypo-phrygian. But a mode ought to have a distinct moral or emotional character ([Greek: eidos echein ethous hê pathous]), as the Locrian, which was in use in the time of Simonides and Pindar, but went out of fashion again.' The Phrygian and Lydian, as we have seen, were said to have been brought to the Peloponnesus by the followers of Pelops.