THE MONASTERY OF PETSCHENGA. SKETCHES OF RUSSIAN LAPLAND. (FROM HISTORICAL AND LEGENDARY SOURCES.) BY J. A. FRIIS, Professor in the University of Christiania. Translated by Hill Repp. LONDON: ELLIOT STOCK, 62, PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C. 1896. TO THE PAST AND PRESENT MEMBERS OF THE FAMILY OF CARR ELLISON, OF HEDGELEY, IN THE COUNTY OF NORTHUMBERLAND, THE FRIENDS AND BENEFACTORS OF MY LATE PARENTS, AND OF THEIR CHILDREN, THIS TRANSLATION IS LOVINGLY AND GRATEFULLY DEDICATED. NOTE BY THE TRANSLATOR. To Professor Friis, of Christiania, who very kindly gave me permission to publish a translation of this book, and to T. M. Fallow, Esq., M.A., of Coatham House, Coatham, who has assisted me in the translation, I offer my sincere thanks. HILL REPP. Redcar, April, 1896. AUTHORITIES. A letter, dated Vardö, August 7, 1590, preserved among the State Archives of Norway; Büschings Magazine, Halle, 1773; Opisanie Archangelskoi Gubernii, by S. Kosma Moltscanoff, St. Petersburg, 1813; the periodical Suomi for 1843–1848; Opisanie Archangelskoi Gubernii, by Poschman, Archangel, 1866; Ruskii Wiestnik, Siderof, 1866; Sapiski dljä Stenia, Tschubinski, St. Petersburg, 1867; Murmanskii i Terskii Berega, E. Ogorodnikoff, St. Petersburg, 1869; Novoje Wremja, December 10, 1883. CONTENTS. CHAPTER PAGE I. THE MILLSTONE 1 II. TRIFON, THE FOUNDER OF THE MONASTERY 10 III. THE MONASTERY AND ITS INDUSTRIES 20 IV. THE MONK AMBROSE AND THE PIRATE ANIKA 29 V. JUSSI AND UNNAS 40 VI. THEODORE AND ANNITA 48 VII. THE DESTRUCTION OF THE MONASTERY ON CHRISTMAS EVE, 1589 71 VIII. REUNION 81 PETSCHENGA MONASTERY. CHAPTER I. THE MILLSTONE.